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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q27

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+4 / −1
Let f(x)=x.[x2]f(x) = x.\left[ {{x \over 2}} \right]f(x)=x.[2x​], for -10< x < 10, where [t] denotes the greatest integer function. Then the number of points of discontinuity of f is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 8

  1. Given function

    f(x)=x[x2],−10<x<10f(x)=x\left[\frac{x}{2}\right], \qquad -10<x<10f(x)=x[2x​],−10<x<10

    where [t][t][t] denotes the greatest integer (floor) function.

  2. When can discontinuity occur?

    The factor xxx is continuous everywhere. So discontinuities can only come from the floor term [x2].\left[\frac{x}{2}\right].[2x​].

    The floor function [u][u][u] is discontinuous when uuu is an integer.

    Hence [x2]\left[\frac{x}{2}\right][2x​] is discontinuous when x2∈Z⟹x=2n,\frac{x}{2}\in \mathbb{Z} \quad \Longrightarrow \quad x=2n,2x​∈Z⟹x=2n, where nnn is an integer.

  3. Possible discontinuity points inside the interval

    Since −10<x<10-10<x<10−10<x<10, the even integers in this interval are −8,−6,−4,−2,0,2,4,6,8.-8,-6,-4,-2,0,2,4,6,8.−8,−6,−4,−2,0,2,4,6,8.

    So these are the only possible discontinuity points.

  4. Check whether all of them actually give discontinuity in f(x)f(x)f(x)

    Let x=2nx=2nx=2n.

    Then near x=2nx=2nx=2n,

    • for x→(2n)−x\to (2n)^-x→(2n)−, [x2]=n−1,\left[\frac{x}{2}\right]=n-1,[2x​]=n−1,
    • for x→(2n)+x\to (2n)^+x→(2n)+, [x2]=n.\left[\frac{x}{2}\right]=n.[2x​]=n.

    Therefore, lim⁡x→(2n)−f(x)=2n(n−1),\lim_{x\to (2n)^-} f(x)=2n(n-1),limx→(2n)−​f(x)=2n(n−1), lim⁡x→(2n)+f(x)=2n⋅n=2n2.\lim_{x\to (2n)^+} f(x)=2n\cdot n=2n^2.limx→(2n)+​f(x)=2n⋅n=2n2.

    These are equal only if 2n(n−1)=2n2  ⟹  −2n=0  ⟹  n=0.2n(n-1)=2n^2 \implies -2n=0 \implies n=0.2n(n−1)=2n2⟹−2n=0⟹n=0.

    So at x=0x=0x=0, the left and right limits are equal.

    Indeed, f(0)=0[0]=0,f(0)=0\left[0\right]=0,f(0)=0[0]=0, and both one-sided limits are also 000, so fff is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

    For every other even integer x=2nx=2nx=2n with n≠0n\neq 0n=0, the left and right limits are different, so fff is discontinuous there.

  5. Count the discontinuity points

    From the 9 candidate points −8,−6,−4,−2,0,2,4,6,8,-8,-6,-4,-2,0,2,4,6,8,−8,−6,−4,−2,0,2,4,6,8, only x=0x=0x=0 is continuous.

    Hence number of discontinuities =9−1=8.=9-1=8.=9−1=8.

  6. Final answer

    8\boxed{8}8​

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