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Indefinite Integrals question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24
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  5. /2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24

Indefinite Integrals question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24

JEE MainMathematicsIndefinite IntegralsMCQ+4 / −1
The integral ∫[(x2)x+(2x)x]ln⁡(ex2)dx\int\left[\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x+\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x\right] \ln \left(\frac{e x}{2}\right) d x∫[(2x​)x+(x2​)x]ln(2ex​)dx is equal to :
  1. A
    (x2)x+(2x)x+C\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^{x}+\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^{x}+C(2x​)x+(x2​)x+C
  2. B
    (x2)x−(2x)x+C\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^{x}-\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^{x}+C(2x​)x−(x2​)x+C
  3. C
    (x2)xlog⁡2(2x)+C\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^{x} \log _{2}\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)+C(2x​)xlog2​(x2​)+C
  4. D
    None
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let f(x)=(x2)x,g(x)=(2x)x.f(x)=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x,\qquad g(x)=\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x.f(x)=(2x​)x,g(x)=(x2​)x. We need to evaluate I=∫[f(x)+g(x)]ln⁡(ex2) dx.I=\int \left[f(x)+g(x)\right]\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right)\,dx.I=∫[f(x)+g(x)]ln(2ex​)dx.

  2. Differentiate f(x)=(x2)xf(x)=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^xf(x)=(2x​)x using logarithmic differentiation: ln⁡f=xln⁡(x2).\ln f=x\ln\left(\frac{x}{2}\right).lnf=xln(2x​). Differentiating, f′f=ln⁡(x2)+x⋅1x=ln⁡(x2)+1.\frac{f'}{f}=\ln\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)+x\cdot \frac{1}{x}=\ln\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)+1.ff′​=ln(2x​)+x⋅x1​=ln(2x​)+1. Hence, f′(x)=(x2)x[ln⁡(x2)+1].f'(x)=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x\left[\ln\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)+1\right].f′(x)=(2x​)x[ln(2x​)+1]. But ln⁡(x2)+1=ln⁡(e⋅x2)=ln⁡(ex2).\ln\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)+1=\ln\left(e\cdot \frac{x}{2}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right).ln(2x​)+1=ln(e⋅2x​)=ln(2ex​). So, f′(x)=(x2)xln⁡(ex2).f'(x)=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right).f′(x)=(2x​)xln(2ex​).

  3. Now differentiate g(x)=(2x)xg(x)=\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^xg(x)=(x2​)x: ln⁡g=xln⁡(2x).\ln g=x\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right).lng=xln(x2​). Differentiating, g′g=ln⁡(2x)+x(−1x)=ln⁡(2x)−1.\frac{g'}{g}=\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)+x\left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)-1.gg′​=ln(x2​)+x(−x1​)=ln(x2​)−1. Thus, g′(x)=(2x)x[ln⁡(2x)−1].g'(x)=\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x\left[\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)-1\right].g′(x)=(x2​)x[ln(x2​)−1]. Now, ln⁡(2x)−1=ln⁡(2x)−ln⁡e=ln⁡(2ex)=−ln⁡(ex2).\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)-1=\ln\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)-\ln e=\ln\left(\frac{2}{ex}\right)=-\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right).ln(x2​)−1=ln(x2​)−lne=ln(ex2​)=−ln(2ex​). Therefore, g′(x)=−(2x)xln⁡(ex2).g'(x)=-\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right).g′(x)=−(x2​)xln(2ex​).

  4. Hence, −g′(x)=(2x)xln⁡(ex2).-g'(x)=\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right).−g′(x)=(x2​)xln(2ex​). So the integrand becomes (x2)xln⁡(ex2)+(2x)xln⁡(ex2)=f′(x)−g′(x).\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x\ln\left(\frac{ex}{2}\right)=f'(x)-g'(x).(2x​)xln(2ex​)+(x2​)xln(2ex​)=f′(x)−g′(x). Thus, I=∫[f′(x)−g′(x)]dx=f(x)−g(x)+C.I=\int \left[f'(x)-g'(x)\right]dx=f(x)-g(x)+C.I=∫[f′(x)−g′(x)]dx=f(x)−g(x)+C.

  5. Substitute back: I=(x2)x−(2x)x+C.I=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^x-\left(\frac{2}{x}\right)^x+C.I=(2x​)x−(x2​)x+C.

  6. Comparing with the options, this is Option B.

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