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Hyperbola question

2024 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55
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  5. /2024 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55

Hyperbola question

2024 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55

JEE MainMathematicsHyperbolaNumerical+4 / −1
The length of the latus rectum and directrices of hyperbola with eccentricity e are 9 and x=±43x= \pm \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}x=±3​4​, respectively. Let the line y−3x+3=0y-\sqrt{3} x+\sqrt{3}=0y−3​x+3​=0 touch this hyperbola at (x0,y0)\left(x_0, y_0\right)(x0​,y0​). If m\mathrm{m}m is the product of the focal distances of the point (x0,y0)\left(x_0, y_0\right)(x0​,y0​), then 4e2+m4 \mathrm{e}^2+\mathrm{m}4e2+m is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 61

  1. Write the hyperbola in standard form

Since the directrices are x=±43,x=\pm \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}},x=±3​4​, the hyperbola is of the form x2a2−y2b2=1\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1a2x2​−b2y2​=1 with directrices x=±ae.x=\pm \frac{a}{e}.x=±ea​.

Hence, ae=43⇒a=4e3.\frac{a}{e}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}} \quad \Rightarrow \quad a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}.ea​=3​4​⇒a=3​4e​.

  1. Use the latus rectum condition

For the hyperbola x2a2−y2b2=1,\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1,a2x2​−b2y2​=1, the length of latus rectum is 2b2a.\frac{2b^2}{a}.a2b2​. Given it is 999, so 2b2a=9⇒b2=9a2.\frac{2b^2}{a}=9 \quad \Rightarrow \quad b^2=\frac{9a}{2}.a2b2​=9⇒b2=29a​.

Also, for a hyperbola, b2=a2(e2−1).b^2=a^2(e^2-1).b2=a2(e2−1). So, a2(e2−1)=9a2.a^2(e^2-1)=\frac{9a}{2}.a2(e2−1)=29a​. Since a≠0a\neq 0a=0, a(e2−1)=92.a(e^2-1)=\frac{9}{2}.a(e2−1)=29​. Now substitute a=4e3a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}a=3​4e​: 4e3(e2−1)=92.\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}(e^2-1)=\frac{9}{2}.3​4e​(e2−1)=29​. Multiply both sides by 232\sqrt{3}23​: 8e(e2−1)=93.8e(e^2-1)=9\sqrt{3}.8e(e2−1)=93​.

This suggests trying a simple value. Check e=3e=\sqrt{3}e=3​: 83(3−1)=163≠93,8\sqrt{3}(3-1)=16\sqrt{3}\neq 9\sqrt{3},83​(3−1)=163​=93​, so not correct.

Let us solve more carefully using the standard relation directly.

From a=4e3,a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}},a=3​4e​, we get a2=16e23.a^2=\frac{16e^2}{3}.a2=316e2​. Then b2=a2(e2−1)=16e23(e2−1).b^2=a^2(e^2-1)=\frac{16e^2}{3}(e^2-1).b2=a2(e2−1)=316e2​(e2−1). Using latus rectum: 2b2a=9.\frac{2b^2}{a}=9.a2b2​=9. Substitute: 2⋅16e23(e2−1)4e3=9.\frac{2\cdot \frac{16e^2}{3}(e^2-1)}{\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}}=9.3​4e​2⋅316e2​(e2−1)​=9. Simplify: 32e2(e2−1)3⋅34e=9\frac{32e^2(e^2-1)}{3}\cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4e}=9332e2(e2−1)​⋅4e3​​=9 ⇒83e(e2−1)3=9\Rightarrow \frac{8\sqrt{3}e(e^2-1)}{3}=9⇒383​e(e2−1)​=9 ⇒83e(e2−1)=27.\Rightarrow 8\sqrt{3}e(e^2-1)=27.⇒83​e(e2−1)=27. Thus, e(e2−1)=2783=938.e(e^2-1)=\frac{27}{8\sqrt{3}}=\frac{9\sqrt{3}}{8}.e(e2−1)=83​27​=893​​. Now e=3e=\sqrt{3}e=3​ satisfies: 3(3−1)=23=1638≠938,\sqrt{3}(3-1)=2\sqrt{3}=\frac{16\sqrt{3}}{8}\neq \frac{9\sqrt{3}}{8},3​(3−1)=23​=8163​​=893​​, so again not valid.

Let us instead proceed via tangent condition and see if a consistent value emerges.

  1. Equation of the tangent

Given line: y−3x+3=0⇒y=3x−3.y-\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{3}=0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad y=\sqrt{3}x-\sqrt{3}.y−3​x+3​=0⇒y=3​x−3​. Its slope is 3\sqrt{3}3​.

For hyperbola x2a2−y2b2=1,\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1,a2x2​−b2y2​=1, a tangent with slope mmm is y=mx±a2m2−b2.y=mx\pm \sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}.y=mx±a2m2−b2​.

Here m=3m=\sqrt{3}m=3​ and intercept is −3-\sqrt{3}−3​, so 3=3a2−b2.\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3a^2-b^2}.3​=3a2−b2​. Squaring, 3a^2-b^2=3. \tag{1}

  1. Use hyperbola identities

We already have b2=a2(e2−1).b^2=a^2(e^2-1).b2=a2(e2−1). Substitute into (1): 3a2−a2(e2−1)=33a^2-a^2(e^2-1)=33a2−a2(e2−1)=3 a^2(4-e^2)=3. \tag{2}

Also from directrix, a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}} \Rightarrow a^2=\frac{16e^2}{3}. \tag{3} Substitute (3) into (2): 16e23(4−e2)=3\frac{16e^2}{3}(4-e^2)=3316e2​(4−e2)=3 16e2(4−e2)=916e^2(4-e^2)=916e2(4−e2)=9 64e2−16e4=964e^2-16e^4=964e2−16e4=9 16e4−64e2+9=0.16e^4-64e^2+9=0.16e4−64e2+9=0. Let t=e2t=e^2t=e2. Then 16t2−64t+9=0.16t^2-64t+9=0.16t2−64t+9=0. So t=64±4096−57632=64±352032=64±85532=2±554.t=\frac{64\pm \sqrt{4096-576}}{32}=\frac{64\pm \sqrt{3520}}{32}=\frac{64\pm 8\sqrt{55}}{32}=2\pm \frac{\sqrt{55}}{4}.t=3264±4096−576​​=3264±3520​​=3264±855​​=2±455​​. This becomes messy, which is unlikely for a JEE integer question. So let us re-check the tangent formula sign carefully.

For tangent to hyperbola, y=mx±a2m2−b2y=mx\pm \sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}y=mx±a2m2−b2​ is correct. Since the given intercept is −3-\sqrt{3}−3​, a2m2−b2=3.\sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}=\sqrt{3}.a2m2−b2​=3​. That part is fine.

So let us instead use the latus rectum relation again consistently with (2).

  1. Use latus rectum and tangent together

From (2): a2(4−e2)=3.a^2(4-e^2)=3.a2(4−e2)=3. But since e2=1+b2a2,e^2=1+\frac{b^2}{a^2},e2=1+a2b2​, we get 4−e2=4−(1+b2a2)=3−b2a2.4-e^2=4-\left(1+\frac{b^2}{a^2}\right)=3-\frac{b^2}{a^2}.4−e2=4−(1+a2b2​)=3−a2b2​. Thus (2) becomes 3a2−b2=3,3a^2-b^2=3,3a2−b2=3, which is just the tangent condition.

Now use latus rectum: \frac{2b^2}{a}=9 \Rightarrow b^2=\frac{9a}{2}. \tag{4} Also e=4a?noe=\frac{4a?}{\text{no}}e=no4a?​ Actually from directrix, \frac{a}{e}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}} \Rightarrow e=\frac{a\sqrt{3}}{4}. \tag{5} This is the key correction.

Now use e2=1+b2a2.e^2=1+\frac{b^2}{a^2}.e2=1+a2b2​. From (5), e2=3a216.e^2=\frac{3a^2}{16}.e2=163a2​. Hence

Using (4): 3a216=1+92a.\frac{3a^2}{16}=1+\frac{9}{2a}.163a2​=1+2a9​. Multiply by 16a16a16a: 3a3=16a+723a^3=16a+723a3=16a+72 3a3−16a−72=0.3a^3-16a-72=0.3a3−16a−72=0. Try a=4a=4a=4: 3(64)−64−72=192−136=56≠0.3(64)-64-72=192-136=56 \neq 0.3(64)−64−72=192−136=56=0. Try a=6a=6a=6: 648−96−72=480≠0.648-96-72=480 \neq 0.648−96−72=480=0. This seems unpleasant. Let us instead combine directrix with tangent condition first.

  1. Find a,b,ea,b,ea,b,e correctly

From directrix, ae=43⇒a=4e3.\frac{a}{e}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}} \Rightarrow a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}.ea​=3​4​⇒a=3​4e​. This was actually correct earlier.

Then tangent condition: 3a2−b2=3.3a^2-b^2=3.3a2−b2=3. Using b2=a2(e2−1)b^2=a^2(e^2-1)b2=a2(e2−1), 3a2−a2(e2−1)=33a^2-a^2(e^2-1)=33a2−a2(e2−1)=3 a2(4−e2)=3.a^2(4-e^2)=3.a2(4−e2)=3. Now substitute a2=16e23a^2=\frac{16e^2}{3}a2=316e2​: 16e23(4−e2)=3\frac{16e^2}{3}(4-e^2)=3316e2​(4−e2)=3 16e^2(4-e^2)=9. \tag{6}

Also latus rectum: 2b2a=9.\frac{2b^2}{a}=9.a2b2​=9. Substitute b2=a2(e2−1)b^2=a^2(e^2-1)b2=a2(e2−1) and a=4e3a=\frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}a=3​4e​: 2a(e2−1)=92a(e^2-1)=92a(e2−1)=9 2⋅4e3(e2−1)=92\cdot \frac{4e}{\sqrt{3}}(e^2-1)=92⋅3​4e​(e2−1)=9 8e(e2−1)3=9\frac{8e(e^2-1)}{\sqrt{3}}=93​8e(e2−1)​=9 8e(e^2-1)=9\sqrt{3}. \tag{7} Now e=3e=\sqrt{3}e=3​ satisfies (7): 83(3−1)=163≠93,8\sqrt{3}(3-1)=16\sqrt{3}\neq 9\sqrt{3},83​(3−1)=163​=93​, so no.

At this point, the intended data likely correspond to the standard hyperbola x216−y220=1,\frac{x^2}{16}-\frac{y^2}{20}=1,16x2​−20y2​=1, for which directrices are x=±43,x=\pm \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}},x=±3​4​, length of latus rectum is 2b2a=404=10,\frac{2b^2}{a}=\frac{40}{4}=10,a2b2​=440​=10, not 9. So there is an inconsistency in the statement.

  1. Compute product of focal distances using tangent property

For a point (x0,y0)(x_0,y_0)(x0​,y0​) on hyperbola, product of focal distances is SP1⋅SP2=∣x02+y02−c2∣?SP_1\cdot SP_2=\left|x_0^2+y_0^2-c^2\right|?SP1​⋅SP2​=​x02​+y02​−c2​? But using standard property on hyperbola, if distances from the two foci are d1,d2d_1,d_2d1​,d2​, then ∣d1−d2∣=2a.|d_1-d_2|=2a.∣d1​−d2​∣=2a. To get their product exactly, we need the coordinates of the tangency point or consistent conic parameters.

Because the given data are inconsistent, the stored answer 616161 cannot be rigorously derived from the statement as written.

  1. Compare with stored answer

My derivation shows that the numerical data do not fit a unique valid hyperbola. Hence I cannot honestly confirm 616161 from the given statement.

Therefore, I disagree with the stored answer due to inconsistency in the problem data.

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