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Differential Equations question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q33
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  5. /2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q33

Differential Equations question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q33

JEE MainMathematicsDifferential EquationsMCQ+4 / −1
Let y=y1(x)y=y_{1}(x)y=y1​(x) and y=y2(x)y=y_{2}(x)y=y2​(x) be two distinct solutions of the differential equation dydx=x+y\frac{d y}{d x}=x+ydxdy​=x+y, with y1(0)=0y_{1}(0)=0y1​(0)=0 and y2(0)=1y_{2}(0)=1y2​(0)=1 respectively. Then, the number of points of intersection of y=y1(x)y=y_{1}(x)y=y1​(x) and y=y2(x)y=y_{2}(x)y=y2​(x) is
  1. A
    0
  2. B
    1
  3. C
    2
  4. D
    3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. We are given the differential equation

dydx=x+y.\frac{dy}{dx}=x+y.dxdy​=x+y.

We need two solutions:

  • y1(x)y_1(x)y1​(x) with y1(0)=0y_1(0)=0y1​(0)=0
  • y2(x)y_2(x)y2​(x) with y2(0)=1y_2(0)=1y2​(0)=1

Then we must find how many points of intersection these two curves have.


  1. Solve the differential equation.

Rewrite it as

dydx−y=x.\frac{dy}{dx}-y=x.dxdy​−y=x.

This is a linear first-order differential equation of the form

dydx+P(x)y=Q(x),\frac{dy}{dx}+P(x)y=Q(x),dxdy​+P(x)y=Q(x),

with

P(x)=−1,Q(x)=x.P(x)=-1, \qquad Q(x)=x.P(x)=−1,Q(x)=x.

The integrating factor is

I.F.=e∫−1 dx=e−x.\text{I.F.}=e^{\int -1\,dx}=e^{-x}.I.F.=e∫−1dx=e−x.

Multiplying the equation by e−xe^{-x}e−x,

e−xdydx−e−xy=xe−x.e^{-x}\frac{dy}{dx}-e^{-x}y=xe^{-x}.e−xdxdy​−e−xy=xe−x.

The left side becomes

ddx(ye−x)=xe−x.\frac{d}{dx}(ye^{-x})=xe^{-x}.dxd​(ye−x)=xe−x.

So,

ye−x=∫xe−x dx+C.ye^{-x}=\int xe^{-x}\,dx + C.ye−x=∫xe−xdx+C.

Now,

∫xe−x dx=−(x+1)e−x+C.\int xe^{-x}\,dx=-(x+1)e^{-x}+C.∫xe−xdx=−(x+1)e−x+C.

Hence,

ye−x=−(x+1)e−x+C.ye^{-x}=-(x+1)e^{-x}+C.ye−x=−(x+1)e−x+C.

Multiplying by exe^xex,

y=−(x+1)+Cex.y=-(x+1)+Ce^x.y=−(x+1)+Cex.

Thus the general solution is

y=Cex−x−1.y=Ce^x-x-1.y=Cex−x−1.


  1. Find y1(x)y_1(x)y1​(x) using y1(0)=0y_1(0)=0y1​(0)=0.

Substitute x=0x=0x=0 and y=0y=0y=0:

0=C⋅e0−0−1=C−1.0=C\cdot e^0-0-1=C-1.0=C⋅e0−0−1=C−1.

So,

C=1.C=1.C=1.

Therefore,

y1(x)=ex−x−1.y_1(x)=e^x-x-1.y1​(x)=ex−x−1.


  1. Find y2(x)y_2(x)y2​(x) using y2(0)=1y_2(0)=1y2​(0)=1.

Substitute x=0x=0x=0 and y=1y=1y=1:

1=C⋅e0−0−1=C−1.1=C\cdot e^0-0-1=C-1.1=C⋅e0−0−1=C−1.

So,

C=2.C=2.C=2.

Therefore,

y2(x)=2ex−x−1.y_2(x)=2e^x-x-1.y2​(x)=2ex−x−1.


  1. Find points of intersection.

At intersection points,

y1(x)=y2(x).y_1(x)=y_2(x).y1​(x)=y2​(x).

So,

ex−x−1=2ex−x−1.e^x-x-1=2e^x-x-1.ex−x−1=2ex−x−1.

Canceling common terms,

ex=2ex.e^x=2e^x.ex=2ex.

This gives

ex=0.e^x=0.ex=0.

But ex>0e^x>0ex>0 for all real xxx, so this is impossible.

Hence, the two curves never intersect.


  1. Therefore, the number of points of intersection is

0.0.0.

So the correct option is A.

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