Sign in
12thPass logo
New chatPYQ LibraryDoubtsRank report
Sign in to see Recents

Your guest activity stays on this device

Sign in to save progress →
Sign in

Differential Equations question

2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q41
Guest · filters and generic practice availableBrowsing as a guest · PYQ filters and generic practice are available. Sign in only for personalised features and saved progress.
  1. PYQ Library
  2. /JEE Main
  3. /Mathematics
  4. /Differential Equations
  5. /2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q41

Differential Equations question

2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q41

JEE MainMathematicsDifferential EquationsMCQ+4 / −1
Consider the differential equation, y2dx+(x−1y)dy=0{y^2}dx + \left( {x - {1 \over y}} \right)dy = 0y2dx+(x−y1​)dy=0, If value of y is 1 when x = 1, then the value of x for which y = 2, is :
  1. A
    32−1e{3 \over 2} - {1 \over {\sqrt e }}23​−e​1​
  2. B
    12+1e{1 \over 2} + {1 \over {\sqrt e }}21​+e​1​
  3. C
    52+1e{5 \over 2} + {1 \over {\sqrt e }}25​+e​1​
  4. D
    32−e{3 \over 2} - \sqrt e23​−e​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given differential equation

y2 dx+(x−1y)dy=0y^2\,dx+\left(x-\frac1y\right)dy=0y2dx+(x−y1​)dy=0

We are given the condition:

y=1 when x=1y=1 \text{ when } x=1y=1 when x=1

and we need to find xxx when y=2y=2y=2.


  1. Treat xxx as a function of yyy

Since the equation contains dxdxdx and dydydy, write it as:

y2dxdy+x−1y=0y^2\frac{dx}{dy}+x-\frac1y=0y2dydx​+x−y1​=0

So,

y2dxdy+x=1yy^2\frac{dx}{dy}+x=\frac1yy2dydx​+x=y1​

Divide by y2y^2y2:

dxdy+1y2x=1y3\frac{dx}{dy}+\frac{1}{y^2}x=\frac{1}{y^3}dydx​+y21​x=y31​

This is a linear differential equation in xxx with independent variable yyy.


  1. Find the integrating factor

The standard form is:

dxdy+P(y)x=Q(y)\frac{dx}{dy}+P(y)x=Q(y)dydx​+P(y)x=Q(y)

with

P(y)=1y2,Q(y)=1y3P(y)=\frac1{y^2}, \qquad Q(y)=\frac1{y^3}P(y)=y21​,Q(y)=y31​

Hence the integrating factor is:

I.F.=e∫1y2dy=e−1/y\text{I.F.}=e^{\int \frac1{y^2}dy}=e^{-1/y}I.F.=e∫y21​dy=e−1/y

because

∫y−2dy=−y−1=−1y\int y^{-2}dy=-y^{-1}=-\frac1y∫y−2dy=−y−1=−y1​


  1. Multiply throughout by the integrating factor

e−1/ydxdy+1y2e−1/yx=1y3e−1/ye^{-1/y}\frac{dx}{dy}+\frac{1}{y^2}e^{-1/y}x=\frac{1}{y^3}e^{-1/y}e−1/ydydx​+y21​e−1/yx=y31​e−1/y

The left side becomes:

ddy(xe−1/y)=1y3e−1/y\frac{d}{dy}\left(xe^{-1/y}\right)=\frac{1}{y^3}e^{-1/y}dyd​(xe−1/y)=y31​e−1/y

So,

xe−1/y=∫1y3e−1/y dy+Cxe^{-1/y}=\int \frac{1}{y^3}e^{-1/y}\,dy + Cxe−1/y=∫y31​e−1/ydy+C


  1. Evaluate the integral

We compute:

I=∫1y3e−1/y dyI=\int \frac{1}{y^3}e^{-1/y}\,dyI=∫y31​e−1/ydy

Let

t=−1yt=-\frac1yt=−y1​

Then

dtdy=1y2⇒dt=1y2dy\frac{dt}{dy}=\frac1{y^2} \quad \Rightarrow \quad dt=\frac1{y^2}dydydt​=y21​⇒dt=y21​dy

Now,

1y3dy=1y⋅1y2dy\frac1{y^3}dy=\frac1y\cdot \frac1{y^2}dyy31​dy=y1​⋅y21​dy

Since t=−1/yt=-1/yt=−1/y, we have 1/y=−t1/y=-t1/y=−t. Thus

I=∫(−t)et dt=−∫tet dtI=\int (-t)e^t\,dt=-\int te^t\,dtI=∫(−t)etdt=−∫tetdt

Using integration by parts,

∫tet dt=et(t−1)\int te^t\,dt=e^t(t-1)∫tetdt=et(t−1)

Therefore,

I=−et(t−1)=et(1−t)I=-e^t(t-1)=e^t(1-t)I=−et(t−1)=et(1−t)

Substitute back t=−1/yt=-1/yt=−1/y:

I=e−1/y(1+1y)I=e^{-1/y}\left(1+\frac1y\right)I=e−1/y(1+y1​)

Hence,

xe−1/y=e−1/y(1+1y)+Cxe^{-1/y}=e^{-1/y}\left(1+\frac1y\right)+Cxe−1/y=e−1/y(1+y1​)+C

Multiply by e1/ye^{1/y}e1/y:

x=1+1y+Ce1/yx=1+\frac1y+Ce^{1/y}x=1+y1​+Ce1/y


  1. Use the initial condition

Given x=1x=1x=1 when y=1y=1y=1:

1=1+1+Ce1=1+1+Ce1=1+1+Ce

1=2+Ce1=2+Ce1=2+Ce

Ce=−1⇒C=−1eCe=-1 \Rightarrow C=-\frac1eCe=−1⇒C=−e1​

So the solution is:

x=1+1y−1ee1/yx=1+\frac1y-\frac1e e^{1/y}x=1+y1​−e1​e1/y

x=1+1y−e1y−1x=1+\frac1y-e^{\frac1y-1}x=1+y1​−ey1​−1


  1. Find xxx when y=2y=2y=2

Substitute y=2y=2y=2:

x=1+12−e12−1x=1+\frac12-e^{\frac12-1}x=1+21​−e21​−1

x=32−e−1/2x=\frac32-e^{-1/2}x=23​−e−1/2

x=32−1ex=\frac32-\frac1{\sqrt e}x=23​−e​1​


  1. Compare with the options

This matches:

32−1e\boxed{\frac32-\frac1{\sqrt e}}23​−e​1​​

So the correct option is A.


  1. Verification with stored answer

Stored correct answer: A

Our derived answer: A

Hence, they agree.

PreviousNext

More from Differential Equations

  • The general solution of the differential equation (y2 – x3)dx – xydy = 0 (x e 0) is : (where c is a constant of integration)2019 · MCQ
  • Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation, x dxdy​+ y = x loge x, (x > 1). If 2y(2) = loge 4 − 1, then y(e) is equal to :2019 · MCQ
  • If a curve passes through the point (1, –2) and has slope of the tangent at any point (x, y) on it as xx2−2y​, then the curve also passes through the point :2019 · MCQ
  • Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dxdy​+2y=f(x), where f(x)={1,0,​x∈[0,1]otherwise​…2018 · MCQ
  • The curve satifying the differeial equation, (x2 − y2) dx + 2xydy = 0 and passing through the point (1, 1) is :2018 · MCQ
  • Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation sinxdxdy​+ycosx=4x, x∈(0,π). If y(2π​)=0, then y(6π​) is equal to :2018 · MCQ
  • The curve satisfying the differential equation, ydx −(x + 3y2)dy = 0 and passing through the point (1, 1), also passes through the point :2017 · MCQ
  • If 2x = y 51​ + y −51​ and (x2 − 1) dx2d2y​+λ x dxdy​+ ky = 0, then λ + k is equal to :2017 · MCQ