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Differential Equations question

2019 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q26
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  5. /2019 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q26

Differential Equations question

2019 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsDifferential EquationsMCQ+4 / −1
If y = y(x) is the solution of the differential equation dydx=(tan⁡x−y)sec⁡2x{{dy} \over {dx}} = \left( {\tan x - y} \right){\sec ^2}xdxdy​=(tanx−y)sec2x, x∈(−π2,π2)x \in \left( { - {\pi \over 2},{\pi \over 2}} \right)x∈(−2π​,2π​), such that y (0) = 0, then y(−π4)y\left( { - {\pi \over 4}} \right)y(−4π​) is equal to :
  1. A
    12−e{1 \over 2} - e21​−e
  2. B
    e−2e - 2e−2
  3. C
    2+1e2 + {1 \over e}2+e1​
  4. D
    1e−2{1 \over e} - 2e1​−2
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Given differential equation

dydx=(tan⁡x−y)sec⁡2x,y(0)=0\frac{dy}{dx}=(\tan x-y)\sec^2 x, \qquad y(0)=0dxdy​=(tanx−y)sec2x,y(0)=0

We need to find:

y(−π4)y\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)y(−4π​)


  1. Rewrite in linear form

Expand the right side:

dydx=tan⁡xsec⁡2x−ysec⁡2x\frac{dy}{dx}=\tan x\sec^2 x-y\sec^2 xdxdy​=tanxsec2x−ysec2x

So,

dydx+ysec⁡2x=tan⁡xsec⁡2x\frac{dy}{dx}+y\sec^2 x=\tan x\sec^2 xdxdy​+ysec2x=tanxsec2x

This is a linear differential equation of the form

dydx+P(x)y=Q(x)\frac{dy}{dx}+P(x)y=Q(x)dxdy​+P(x)y=Q(x)

with

P(x)=sec⁡2x,Q(x)=tan⁡xsec⁡2xP(x)=\sec^2 x, \qquad Q(x)=\tan x\sec^2 xP(x)=sec2x,Q(x)=tanxsec2x


  1. Find the integrating factor

The integrating factor is

I.F.=e∫sec⁡2x dx=etan⁡x\text{I.F.}=e^{\int \sec^2 x\,dx}=e^{\tan x}I.F.=e∫sec2xdx=etanx


  1. Multiply the equation by the integrating factor

Multiplying throughout by etan⁡xe^{\tan x}etanx:

etan⁡xdydx+ysec⁡2x etan⁡x=tan⁡xsec⁡2x etan⁡xe^{\tan x}\frac{dy}{dx}+y\sec^2 x\,e^{\tan x}=\tan x\sec^2 x\,e^{\tan x}etanxdxdy​+ysec2xetanx=tanxsec2xetanx

The left-hand side becomes:

ddx(yetan⁡x)=tan⁡xsec⁡2x etan⁡x\frac{d}{dx}\left(ye^{\tan x}\right)=\tan x\sec^2 x\,e^{\tan x}dxd​(yetanx)=tanxsec2xetanx


  1. Integrate both sides

yetan⁡x=∫tan⁡xsec⁡2x etan⁡x dx+Cye^{\tan x}=\int \tan x\sec^2 x\,e^{\tan x}\,dx + Cyetanx=∫tanxsec2xetanxdx+C

Let

t=tan⁡x  ⟹  dt=sec⁡2x dxt=\tan x \implies dt=\sec^2 x\,dxt=tanx⟹dt=sec2xdx

Then the integral becomes:

∫tet dt\int t e^t\,dt∫tetdt

Using integration by parts or the standard result,

∫tet dt=et(t−1)+C\int t e^t\,dt=e^t(t-1)+C∫tetdt=et(t−1)+C

So,

yetan⁡x=etan⁡x(tan⁡x−1)+Cye^{\tan x}=e^{\tan x}(\tan x-1)+Cyetanx=etanx(tanx−1)+C

Hence,

y=tan⁡x−1+Ce−tan⁡xy=\tan x-1+Ce^{-\tan x}y=tanx−1+Ce−tanx


  1. Use the initial condition

Given y(0)=0y(0)=0y(0)=0 and tan⁡0=0\tan 0=0tan0=0:

0=0−1+Ce00=0-1+Ce^00=0−1+Ce0

0=−1+C0=-1+C0=−1+C

C=1C=1C=1

Thus the solution is

y=tan⁡x−1+e−tan⁡xy=\tan x-1+e^{-\tan x}y=tanx−1+e−tanx


  1. Evaluate at x=−π4x=-\frac{\pi}{4}x=−4π​

Since

tan⁡(−π4)=−1\tan\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1tan(−4π​)=−1

we get

y(−π4)=(−1)−1+e−(−1)y\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=(-1)-1+e^{-(-1)}y(−4π​)=(−1)−1+e−(−1)

y(−π4)=−2+ey\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-2+ey(−4π​)=−2+e

y(−π4)=e−2y\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=e-2y(−4π​)=e−2


  1. Compare with options

e−2e-2e−2

This matches Option B.

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