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Complex Numbers question

2021 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q26
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Complex Numbers question

2021 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
Let C be the set of all complex numbers. Let S1={z∈C∣∣z−3−2i∣2=8}{S_1} = \{ z \in C||z - 3 - 2i{|^2} = 8\}S1​={z∈C∣∣z−3−2i∣2=8} S2={z∈C∣Reolimits(z)≥5}{S_2} = \{ z \in C|{\mathop{\rm Re} olimits} (z) \ge 5\}S2​={z∈C∣Reolimits(z)≥5} and S3={z∈C∣∣z−z‾∣≥8}{S_3} = \{ z \in C||z - \overline z | \ge 8\}S3​={z∈C∣∣z−z∣≥8}. Then the number of elements in S1∩S2∩S3{S_1} \cap {S_2} \cap {S_3}S1​∩S2​∩S3​ is equal to :
  1. A
    1
  2. B
    0
  3. C
    2
  4. D
    Infinite
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

Let z=x+iyz=x+iyz=x+iy, where x,y∈Rx,y\in \mathbb{R}x,y∈R.

We interpret each set geometrically.

1. Set S1S_1S1​

Given ∣z−3−2i∣2=8|z-3-2i|^2=8∣z−3−2i∣2=8 This means ∣(x−3)+i(y−2)∣2=(x−3)2+(y−2)2=8|(x-3)+i(y-2)|^2=(x-3)^2+(y-2)^2=8∣(x−3)+i(y−2)∣2=(x−3)2+(y−2)2=8 So S1S_1S1​ is the circle with center (3,2)(3,2)(3,2) and radius 222\sqrt{2}22​.

2. Set S2S_2S2​

Given Re⁡(z)≥5\operatorname{Re}(z)\ge 5Re(z)≥5 Since Re⁡(z)=x\operatorname{Re}(z)=xRe(z)=x, we get x≥5x\ge 5x≥5 So S2S_2S2​ is the half-plane to the right of the vertical line x=5x=5x=5.

3. Set S3S_3S3​

Given ∣z−z‾∣≥8|z-\overline z|\ge 8∣z−z∣≥8 Now, z−z‾=(x+iy)−(x−iy)=2iyz-\overline z=(x+iy)-(x-iy)=2iyz−z=(x+iy)−(x−iy)=2iy Hence ∣z−z‾∣=∣2iy∣=2∣y∣|z-\overline z|=|2iy|=2|y|∣z−z∣=∣2iy∣=2∣y∣ So 2∣y∣≥8  ⟹  ∣y∣≥42|y|\ge 8 \implies |y|\ge 42∣y∣≥8⟹∣y∣≥4 Thus S3S_3S3​ is the region where y≥4ory≤−4y\ge 4 \quad \text{or} \quad y\le -4y≥4ory≤−4


4. Find S1∩S2∩S3S_1\cap S_2\cap S_3S1​∩S2​∩S3​

We need points on the circle (x−3)2+(y−2)2=8(x-3)^2+(y-2)^2=8(x−3)2+(y−2)2=8 with x≥5,∣y∣≥4x\ge 5, \qquad |y|\ge 4x≥5,∣y∣≥4

Step 1: Use x≥5x\ge 5x≥5

Since the circle has center x=3x=3x=3 and radius 222\sqrt222​, its rightmost point is x=3+22x=3+2\sqrt2x=3+22​ Since 22≈2.8282\sqrt2\approx 2.82822​≈2.828, this is about 5.8285.8285.828, so points with x≥5x\ge 5x≥5 are possible.

Put x=5x=5x=5 in the circle equation: (5−3)2+(y−2)2=8(5-3)^2+(y-2)^2=8(5−3)2+(y−2)2=8 4+(y−2)2=84+(y-2)^2=84+(y−2)2=8 (y−2)2=4(y-2)^2=4(y−2)2=4 y=4 or y=0y=4 \text{ or } y=0y=4 or y=0 Thus the line x=5x=5x=5 meets the circle at (5,4)(5,4)(5,4) and (5,0)(5,0)(5,0).

For x>5x>5x>5, the relevant arc lies between these two points, so along this arc we have 0<y<40<y<40<y<4 except at the endpoint (5,4)(5,4)(5,4).

Step 2: Apply ∣y∣≥4|y|\ge 4∣y∣≥4

From the circle equation, the maximum and minimum possible values of yyy are y=2±22y=2\pm 2\sqrt2y=2±22​ So

ymin⁡=2−22≈−0.828\qquad y_{\min}=2-2\sqrt2\approx -0.828ymin​=2−22​≈−0.828

Hence on the circle, y≤−4y\le -4y≤−4 is impossible.

So only y≥4y\ge 4y≥4 can work. Now solve simultaneously: (x−3)2+(y−2)2=8,x≥5,y≥4(x-3)^2+(y-2)^2=8, \qquad x\ge 5, \qquad y\ge 4(x−3)2+(y−2)2=8,x≥5,y≥4 At y=4y=4y=4, (x−3)2+(4−2)2=8(x-3)^2+(4-2)^2=8(x−3)2+(4−2)2=8 (x−3)2+4=8(x-3)^2+4=8(x−3)2+4=8 (x−3)2=4(x-3)^2=4(x−3)2=4 x=5 or x=1x=5 \text{ or } x=1x=5 or x=1 Among these, only x=5x=5x=5 satisfies x≥5x\ge 5x≥5. So the only common point is z=5+4iz=5+4iz=5+4i

Therefore, ∣S1∩S2∩S3∣=1|S_1\cap S_2\cap S_3|=1∣S1​∩S2​∩S3​∣=1

5. Compare with stored answer

Our derived answer is 111, which matches option A.

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