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Complex Numbers question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q37
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Complex Numbers question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q37

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersNumerical+4 / −1
If (1+i1−i)m2=(1+i1−i)n3=1{\left( {{{1 + i} \over {1 - i}}} \right)^{{m \over 2}}} = {\left( {{{1 + i} \over {1 - i}}} \right)^{{n \over 3}}} = 1(1−i1+i​)2m​=(1−i1+i​)3n​=1, (m, n ∈\in∈ N) then the greatest common divisor of the least values of m and n is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ .
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 4

  1. First simplify the complex number:

1+i1−i\frac{1+i}{1-i}1−i1+i​

Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator, 1+i1+i1+i:

1+i1−i⋅1+i1+i=(1+i)21−i2\frac{1+i}{1-i}\cdot\frac{1+i}{1+i}=\frac{(1+i)^2}{1-i^2}1−i1+i​⋅1+i1+i​=1−i2(1+i)2​

Now,

(1+i)2=1+2i+i2=2i(1+i)^2 = 1+2i+i^2 = 2i(1+i)2=1+2i+i2=2i

and

1−i2=1−(−1)=21-i^2 = 1-(-1)=21−i2=1−(−1)=2

So,

1+i1−i=2i2=i\frac{1+i}{1-i}=\frac{2i}{2}=i1−i1+i​=22i​=i

Hence the given condition becomes

im/2=1andin/3=1i^{m/2}=1 \quad \text{and} \quad i^{n/3}=1im/2=1andin/3=1

  1. Use the fact that powers of iii repeat with period 444:

ik=1  ⟺  k is a multiple of 4i^k=1 \iff k \text{ is a multiple of } 4ik=1⟺k is a multiple of 4

So for the first equation,

im/2=1  ⟹  m2=4r(r∈N0)i^{m/2}=1 \implies \frac{m}{2}=4r \quad (r\in \mathbb{N}_0)im/2=1⟹2m​=4r(r∈N0​)

Thus,

m=8rm=8rm=8r

The least natural value of mmm is

m=8m=8m=8

  1. For the second equation,

in/3=1  ⟹  n3=4s(s∈N0)i^{n/3}=1 \implies \frac{n}{3}=4s \quad (s\in \mathbb{N}_0)in/3=1⟹3n​=4s(s∈N0​)

Thus,

n=12sn=12sn=12s

The least natural value of nnn is

n=12n=12n=12

  1. Now compute the greatest common divisor:

gcd⁡(8,12)=4\gcd(8,12)=4gcd(8,12)=4

Therefore, the required answer is

4\boxed{4}4​

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