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Complex Numbers question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 1 · Q32
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Complex Numbers question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 1 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
Let u=2z+iz−kiu = {{2z + i} \over {z - ki}}u=z−ki2z+i​, z = x + iy and k > 0. If the curve represented by Re(u) + Im(u) = 1 intersects the y-axis at the points P and Q where PQ = 5, then the value of k is :
  1. A
    2
  2. B
    4
  3. C
    1/2
  4. D
    3/2
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given

    u=2z+iz−ki,z=x+iy,k>0u=\frac{2z+i}{z-ki},\qquad z=x+iy,\qquad k>0u=z−ki2z+i​,z=x+iy,k>0

    and the curve is defined by

    ℜ(u)+ℑ(u)=1.\Re(u)+\Im(u)=1.ℜ(u)+ℑ(u)=1.

    We need the intersection of this curve with the y-axis, so set

    x=0,z=iy.x=0,\quad z=iy.x=0,z=iy.

  2. Substitute z=iyz=iyz=iy into uuu

    u=2(iy)+iiy−ki=i(2y+1)i(y−k)=2y+1y−k.u=\frac{2(iy)+i}{iy-ki}=\frac{i(2y+1)}{i(y-k)}=\frac{2y+1}{y-k}.u=iy−ki2(iy)+i​=i(y−k)i(2y+1)​=y−k2y+1​.

    This is purely real (provided y≠ky\neq ky=k), so

    ℜ(u)=2y+1y−k,ℑ(u)=0.\Re(u)=\frac{2y+1}{y-k},\qquad \Im(u)=0.ℜ(u)=y−k2y+1​,ℑ(u)=0.

    Hence the condition becomes

    2y+1y−k=1.\frac{2y+1}{y-k}=1.y−k2y+1​=1.

  3. Solve for yyy

    2y+1=y−k2y+1=y-k2y+1=y−k y=−k−1.y=-k-1.y=−k−1.

    This gives only one point on the y-axis, which contradicts the statement that the curve intersects the y-axis at two points PPP and QQQ with PQ=5PQ=5PQ=5.

  4. Find the actual Cartesian equation of the curve

    Let

    u=2z+iz−ki=2x+i(2y+1)x+i(y−k).u=\frac{2z+i}{z-ki}=\frac{2x+i(2y+1)}{x+i(y-k)}.u=z−ki2z+i​=x+i(y−k)2x+i(2y+1)​.

    Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate x−i(y−k)x-i(y-k)x−i(y−k):

    u=(2x+i(2y+1))(x−i(y−k))x2+(y−k)2.u=\frac{(2x+i(2y+1))(x-i(y-k))}{x^2+(y-k)^2}.u=x2+(y−k)2(2x+i(2y+1))(x−i(y−k))​.

    Expanding the numerator:

    =2x^2+2(y-k)\,x+(2y+1)(y-k)+i\big(x(2y+1)-2x(y-k)\big). $$ So, $$\Re(u)=\frac{2x^2+2x(y-k)+(2y+1)(y-k)}{x^2+(y-k)^2},$$ $$\Im(u)=\frac{x(2y+1)-2x(y-k)}{x^2+(y-k)^2}= rac{x(2k+1)}{x^2+(y-k)^2}.$$ Therefore, $$\Re(u)+\Im(u)=\frac{2x^2+2x(y-k)+(2y+1)(y-k)+x(2k+1)}{x^2+(y-k)^2}=1.$$ Simplify the numerator part involving $x$: $$2x(y-k)+x(2k+1)=x(2y+1).$$ Hence, $$\frac{2x^2+x(2y+1)+(2y+1)(y-k)}{x^2+(y-k)^2}=1.$$ Cross-multiplying, $$2x^2+x(2y+1)+(2y+1)(y-k)=x^2+(y-k)^2.$$ Rearranging, $$x^2+x(2y+1)+(2y+1)(y-k)-(y-k)^2=0.$$ Now simplify the $y$-part: $$ (2y+1)(y-k)-(y-k)^2=(y-k)\big((2y+1)-(y-k)\big)=(y-k)(y+k+1). $$ Thus the curve is $$x^2+x(2y+1)+(y-k)(y+k+1)=0.$$
  5. Intersect with the y-axis

    Put x=0x=0x=0:

    (y−k)(y+k+1)=0.(y-k)(y+k+1)=0.(y−k)(y+k+1)=0.

    So the two intersection points are at

    y=kandy=−k−1.y=k \quad \text{and} \quad y=-k-1.y=kandy=−k−1.

    Therefore,

    P=(0,k),Q=(0,−k−1).P=(0,k),\qquad Q=(0,-k-1).P=(0,k),Q=(0,−k−1).

  6. Use the distance condition PQ=5PQ=5PQ=5

    Since both points lie on the y-axis,

    PQ=∣k−(−k−1)∣=∣2k+1∣.PQ=|k-(-k-1)|=|2k+1|.PQ=∣k−(−k−1)∣=∣2k+1∣.

    Given k>0k>0k>0, we have 2k+1>02k+1>02k+1>0, so

    2k+1=5.2k+1=5.2k+1=5.

    Hence,

    2k=4  ⟹  k=2.2k=4 \implies k=2.2k=4⟹k=2.

  7. Check options

    • A: 222 ✅
    • B: 444 ❌
    • C: 12\tfrac1221​ ❌
    • D: 32\tfrac3223​ ❌

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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