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Binomial Theorem question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q32
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Binomial Theorem question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsBinomial TheoremMCQ+4 / −1
If the coefficients of x4,x5x^4, x^5x4,x5 and x6x^6x6 in the expansion of (1+x)n(1+x)^n(1+x)n are in the arithmetic progression, then the maximum value of nnn is:
  1. A
    28
  2. B
    21
  3. C
    7
  4. D
    14
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. In the expansion of (1+x)n(1+x)^n(1+x)n, the coefficient of xrx^rxr is (nr).\binom{n}{r}.(rn​). So the given coefficients are: (n4),(n5),(n6).\binom{n}{4},\quad \binom{n}{5},\quad \binom{n}{6}.(4n​),(5n​),(6n​).

  2. Since these are in arithmetic progression (A.P.), the middle term is the average of the other two: 2(n5)=(n4)+(n6).2\binom{n}{5}=\binom{n}{4}+\binom{n}{6}.2(5n​)=(4n​)+(6n​).

  3. Use relations between consecutive binomial coefficients: (n5)=(n4)⋅n−45,\binom{n}{5}=\binom{n}{4}\cdot \frac{n-4}{5},(5n​)=(4n​)⋅5n−4​, (n6)=(n5)⋅n−56=(n4)⋅(n−4)(n−5)30.\binom{n}{6}=\binom{n}{5}\cdot \frac{n-5}{6}=\binom{n}{4}\cdot \frac{(n-4)(n-5)}{30}.(6n​)=(5n​)⋅6n−5​=(4n​)⋅30(n−4)(n−5)​.

Substitute into the A.P. condition: 2[(n4)⋅n−45]=(n4)+(n4)⋅(n−4)(n−5)30.2\left[\binom{n}{4}\cdot \frac{n-4}{5}\right]=\binom{n}{4}+\binom{n}{4}\cdot \frac{(n-4)(n-5)}{30}.2[(4n​)⋅5n−4​]=(4n​)+(4n​)⋅30(n−4)(n−5)​.

  1. Since n≥6n\ge 6n≥6 for all these coefficients to exist and (n4)≠0\binom{n}{4}\neq 0(4n​)=0, divide throughout by (n4)\binom{n}{4}(4n​): 2(n−4)5=1+(n−4)(n−5)30.\frac{2(n-4)}{5}=1+\frac{(n-4)(n-5)}{30}.52(n−4)​=1+30(n−4)(n−5)​.

Multiply by 303030: 12(n−4)=30+(n−4)(n−5).12(n-4)=30+(n-4)(n-5).12(n−4)=30+(n−4)(n−5).

Expand: 12n−48=30+n2−9n+20.12n-48=30+n^2-9n+20.12n−48=30+n2−9n+20. 12n−48=n2−9n+50.12n-48=n^2-9n+50.12n−48=n2−9n+50.

Bring all terms to one side: n2−21n+98=0.n^2-21n+98=0.n2−21n+98=0.

Factorize: (n−7)(n−14)=0.(n-7)(n-14)=0.(n−7)(n−14)=0.

Thus, n=7orn=14.n=7 \quad \text{or} \quad n=14.n=7orn=14.

  1. Therefore, the maximum value of nnn is 14.\boxed{14}.14​.

  2. Checking options:

  • A: 282828 ❌
  • B: 212121 ❌
  • C: 777 ❌
  • D: 141414 ✅

Hence, the correct option is D.

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