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3D Geometry question

2025 · 3 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38
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  5. /2025 · 3 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38

3D Geometry question

2025 · 3 Apr · Shift 1 · Q38

JEE MainMathematics3D GeometryMCQ+4 / −1
Line L1L_1L1​ passes through the point (1,2,3)(1,2,3)(1,2,3) and is parallel to zzz-axis. Line L2L_2L2​ passes through the point (λ,5,6)(\lambda, 5,6)(λ,5,6) and is parallel to yyy-axis. Let for λ=λ1,λ2,λ2<λ1\lambda=\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \lambda_2\lt \lambda_1λ=λ1​,λ2​,λ2​<λ1​, the shortest distance between the two lines be 3 . Then the square of the distance of the point (λ1,λ2,7)\left(\lambda_1, \lambda_2, 7\right)(λ1​,λ2​,7) from the line L1L_1L1​ is
  1. A
    25
  2. B
    32
  3. C
    40
  4. D
    37
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Write the equations of the lines
  • Line L1L_1L1​ passes through (1,2,3)(1,2,3)(1,2,3) and is parallel to the zzz-axis. So its direction vector is d⃗1=(0,0,1)\vec d_1=(0,0,1)d1​=(0,0,1).

    Parametric form: L1:(x,y,z)=(1,2,3)+t(0,0,1)L_1:(x,y,z)=(1,2,3)+t(0,0,1)L1​:(x,y,z)=(1,2,3)+t(0,0,1) Hence, x=1,y=2,z=3+tx=1,\quad y=2,\quad z=3+tx=1,y=2,z=3+t

  • Line L2L_2L2​ passes through (λ,5,6)(\lambda,5,6)(λ,5,6) and is parallel to the yyy-axis. So its direction vector is d⃗2=(0,1,0)\vec d_2=(0,1,0)d2​=(0,1,0).

    Parametric form: L2:(x,y,z)=(λ,5,6)+s(0,1,0)L_2:(x,y,z)=(\lambda,5,6)+s(0,1,0)L2​:(x,y,z)=(λ,5,6)+s(0,1,0) Hence, x=λ,y=5+s,z=6x=\lambda,\quad y=5+s,\quad z=6x=λ,y=5+s,z=6


  1. Find the shortest distance between L1L_1L1​ and L2L_2L2​

For skew lines, Shortest distance=∣(r⃗2−r⃗1)⋅(d⃗1×d⃗2)∣∣d⃗1×d⃗2∣\text{Shortest distance} = \frac{|(\vec r_2-\vec r_1)\cdot(\vec d_1\times \vec d_2)|}{|\vec d_1\times \vec d_2|}Shortest distance=∣d1​×d2​∣∣(r2​−r1​)⋅(d1​×d2​)∣​

Take r⃗1=(1,2,3),r⃗2=(λ,5,6)\vec r_1=(1,2,3),\quad \vec r_2=(\lambda,5,6)r1​=(1,2,3),r2​=(λ,5,6) So, r⃗2−r⃗1=(λ−1,3,3)\vec r_2-\vec r_1=(\lambda-1,3,3)r2​−r1​=(λ−1,3,3)

Now, d⃗1×d⃗2=(0,0,1)×(0,1,0)=(−1,0,0)\vec d_1\times \vec d_2=(0,0,1)\times(0,1,0)=(-1,0,0)d1​×d2​=(0,0,1)×(0,1,0)=(−1,0,0) Thus, ∣d⃗1×d⃗2∣=1|\vec d_1\times \vec d_2|=1∣d1​×d2​∣=1

Therefore, distance=∣((λ−1,3,3)⋅(−1,0,0))∣=∣−(λ−1)∣=∣λ−1∣\text{distance}=|((\lambda-1,3,3)\cdot(-1,0,0))|=|-(\lambda-1)|=|\lambda-1|distance=∣((λ−1,3,3)⋅(−1,0,0))∣=∣−(λ−1)∣=∣λ−1∣

Given shortest distance is 333, so ∣λ−1∣=3|\lambda-1|=3∣λ−1∣=3

Hence, λ=4orλ=−2\lambda=4 \quad \text{or} \quad \lambda=-2λ=4orλ=−2

Since λ2<λ1\lambda_2<\lambda_1λ2​<λ1​, λ1=4,λ2=−2\lambda_1=4,\quad \lambda_2=-2λ1​=4,λ2​=−2


  1. Coordinates of the point

The point is (λ1,λ2,7)=(4,−2,7)(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,7)=(4,-2,7)(λ1​,λ2​,7)=(4,−2,7)


  1. Find the distance of (4,−2,7)(4,-2,7)(4,−2,7) from line L1L_1L1​

Line L1L_1L1​ is given by x=1,y=2x=1,\quad y=2x=1,y=2 with zzz arbitrary.

So the perpendicular distance from a point (x0,y0,z0)(x_0,y_0,z_0)(x0​,y0​,z0​) to this line is just the distance in the xyxyxy-plane from (x0,y0)(x_0,y_0)(x0​,y0​) to (1,2)(1,2)(1,2): d2=(x0−1)2+(y0−2)2d^2=(x_0-1)^2+(y_0-2)^2d2=(x0​−1)2+(y0​−2)2

For (4,−2,7)(4,-2,7)(4,−2,7), d2=(4−1)2+(−2−2)2=32+(−4)2=9+16=25d^2=(4-1)^2+(-2-2)^2=3^2+(-4)^2=9+16=25d2=(4−1)2+(−2−2)2=32+(−4)2=9+16=25


  1. Check options

The required square of the distance is 25\boxed{25}25​ So the correct option is A.

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