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Thermodynamics question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 2 · Q11
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Thermodynamics question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 2 · Q11

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following graphs correctly represents the variation of thermodynamic properties of Haber's process?
  1. A
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 11 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 11 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 11 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 11 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Reaction in Haber’s process

    Haber’s process is: N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g)N_2(g)+3H_2(g)\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)N2​(g)+3H2​(g)→2NH3​(g)

  2. Thermodynamic changes involved

    For this reaction:

    • It is exothermic, so ΔH<0\Delta H<0ΔH<0
    • The number of gaseous moles decreases from 444 to 222, so disorder decreases. Hence, ΔS<0\Delta S<0ΔS<0
  3. Use Gibbs free energy relation

    ΔG=ΔH−TΔS\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta SΔG=ΔH−TΔS

    Since both ΔH\Delta HΔH and ΔS\Delta SΔS are negative, let ΔH=−a,ΔS=−b(a,b>0)\Delta H=-a,\quad \Delta S=-b \qquad (a,b>0)ΔH=−a,ΔS=−b(a,b>0)

    Then, ΔG=−a−T(−b)=−a+bT\Delta G=-a-T(-b)=-a+bTΔG=−a−T(−b)=−a+bT

    So ΔG\Delta GΔG varies linearly with temperature with:

    • positive slope =b=b=b
    • negative intercept =−a=-a=−a

    Thus, as temperature increases, ΔG\Delta GΔG increases.

  4. Interpretation for Haber’s process

    At low temperature, ΔG\Delta GΔG is more negative, so formation of ammonia is more thermodynamically favorable.

    Therefore the correct graph should show:

    • ΔH\Delta HΔH approximately constant and negative
    • ΔS\Delta SΔS approximately constant and negative
    • ΔG\Delta GΔG increasing linearly with TTT
  5. Matching with options

    The option that represents this behavior is Option A.

Final Answer

A\boxed{A}A​

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