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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q30
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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q30

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
Two reactions are given below: 2Fe(s)+32O2( g)→Fe2O3( s),ΔH∘=−822 kJ/molC(s)+12O2( g)→CO(g),ΔH∘=−110 kJ/mol\begin{aligned} & 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\frac{3}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(\mathrm{~g})} \rightarrow \mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_{3(\mathrm{~s})}, \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\circ}=-822 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \\ & \mathrm{C}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(\mathrm{~g})} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{(\mathrm{g})}, \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\circ}=-110 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \end{aligned}​2Fe(s)​+23​O2( g)​→Fe2​O3( s)​,ΔH∘=−822 kJ/molC(s)​+21​O2( g)​→CO(g)​,ΔH∘=−110 kJ/mol​ Then enthalpy change for following reaction 3C(s)+Fe2O3( s)→2Fe(s)+3CO(g)3 \mathrm{C}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_{3(\mathrm{~s})} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{s})}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{(\mathrm{g})}3C(s)​+Fe2​O3( s)​→2Fe(s)​+3CO(g)​ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​kJ/mol\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}kJ/mol.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 492

  1. We need the enthalpy change for

3C(s)+Fe2O3(s)→2Fe(s)+3CO(g)3C_{(s)} + Fe_2O_{3(s)} \rightarrow 2Fe_{(s)} + 3CO_{(g)}3C(s)​+Fe2​O3(s)​→2Fe(s)​+3CO(g)​

We will use Hess's law.

  1. Given reactions:

2Fe(s)+32O2(g)→Fe2O3(s),ΔH∘=−822  kJ2Fe_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)} \rightarrow Fe_2O_{3(s)}, \qquad \Delta H^\circ = -822\;\text{kJ}2Fe(s)​+23​O2(g)​→Fe2​O3(s)​,ΔH∘=−822kJ

C(s)+12O2(g)→CO(g),ΔH∘=−110  kJC_{(s)} + \frac{1}{2}O_{2(g)} \rightarrow CO_{(g)}, \qquad \Delta H^\circ = -110\;\text{kJ}C(s)​+21​O2(g)​→CO(g)​,ΔH∘=−110kJ

  1. First, reverse the iron oxide formation reaction because in the required reaction Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​ is a reactant:

Fe2O3(s)→2Fe(s)+32O2(g)Fe_2O_{3(s)} \rightarrow 2Fe_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)}Fe2​O3(s)​→2Fe(s)​+23​O2(g)​

So,

ΔH∘=+822  kJ\Delta H^\circ = +822\;\text{kJ}ΔH∘=+822kJ

  1. Multiply the carbon monoxide formation reaction by 3:

3C(s)+32O2(g)→3CO(g)3C_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 3CO_{(g)}3C(s)​+23​O2(g)​→3CO(g)​

So,

ΔH∘=3(−110)=−330  kJ\Delta H^\circ = 3(-110) = -330\;\text{kJ}ΔH∘=3(−110)=−330kJ

  1. Add the two modified equations:

Fe2O3(s)→2Fe(s)+32O2(g)Fe_2O_{3(s)} \rightarrow 2Fe_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)}Fe2​O3(s)​→2Fe(s)​+23​O2(g)​

3C(s)+32O2(g)→3CO(g)3C_{(s)} + \frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 3CO_{(g)}3C(s)​+23​O2(g)​→3CO(g)​

Adding,

3C(s)+Fe2O3(s)→2Fe(s)+3CO(g)3C_{(s)} + Fe_2O_{3(s)} \rightarrow 2Fe_{(s)} + 3CO_{(g)}3C(s)​+Fe2​O3(s)​→2Fe(s)​+3CO(g)​

The 32O2\frac{3}{2}O_223​O2​ cancels out.

  1. Therefore,

ΔH∘=822+(−330)=492  kJ/mol\Delta H^\circ = 822 + (-330) = 492\;\text{kJ/mol}ΔH∘=822+(−330)=492kJ/mol

So the enthalpy change is

492\boxed{492}492​

kJ/mol.

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