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Thermodynamics question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 1 · Q17
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Thermodynamics question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 1 · Q17

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
Consider the graph of Gibbs free energy G vs Extent of reaction. The number of statement/s from the following which are true with respect to points (a), (b) and (c) is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ JEE Main 2023 (Online) 6th April Morning Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 55 English A. Reaction is spontaneous at (a) and (b) B. Reaction is at equilibrium at point (b) and non-spontaneous at point (c) C. Reaction is spontaneous at (a) and non-spontaneous at (c) D. Reaction is non-spontaneous at (a) and (b)
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 2

  1. For a graph of Gibbs free energy GGG vs extent of reaction ξ\xiξ:

    • The reaction proceeds spontaneously in the direction in which GGG decreases.
    • At equilibrium, GGG is minimum, so: (dGdξ)T,P=0\left(\frac{dG}{d\xi}\right)_{T,P}=0(dξdG​)T,P​=0
  2. Interpreting the usual GGG vs extent of reaction curve:

    • Point (b)(b)(b) is the minimum of the curve ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ equilibrium.
    • Point (a)(a)(a) lies to the left of the minimum. Moving forward in reaction decreases GGG, so reaction is spontaneous.
    • Point (c)(c)(c) lies to the right of the minimum. Further forward progress increases GGG, so in the forward direction reaction is non-spontaneous.
  3. Now check each statement:

    A. Reaction is spontaneous at (a)(a)(a) and (b)(b)(b)

    • At (a)(a)(a): true
    • At (b)(b)(b): false, because (b)(b)(b) is equilibrium
      So, A is false.

    B. Reaction is at equilibrium at point (b)(b)(b) and non-spontaneous at point (c)(c)(c)

    • (b)(b)(b) equilibrium: true
    • (c)(c)(c) non-spontaneous (forward direction): true
      So, B is true.

    C. Reaction is spontaneous at (a)(a)(a) and non-spontaneous at (c)(c)(c)

    • (a)(a)(a) spontaneous: true
    • (c)(c)(c) non-spontaneous: true
      So, C is true.

    D. Reaction is non-spontaneous at (a)(a)(a) and (b)(b)(b)

    • (a)(a)(a) is spontaneous, so false
    • (b)(b)(b) is equilibrium, not spontaneous
      Hence D is false.
  4. Therefore, the true statements are: B and C\boxed{B \text{ and } C}B and C​

So, the number of true statements is: 2\boxed{2}2​

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