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Structure of Atom question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q5
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Structure of Atom question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q5

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1
Correct statements for an element with atomic number 9 are: A. There can be 5 electrons for which ms=+12m_s = +\frac{1}{2}ms​=+21​ and 4 electrons for which ms=−12m_s = -\frac{1}{2}ms​=−21​. B. There is only one electron in pzp_zpz​ orbital. C. The last electron goes to orbital with n=2n = 2n=2 and l=1l = 1l=1. D. The sum of angular nodes of all the atomic orbitals is 1. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
  1. A
    A and B Only
  2. B
    A, C and D Only
  3. C
    A and C Only
  4. D
    C and D Only
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

For atomic number 999, the element is fluorine.

Its ground-state electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p51s^2\,2s^2\,2p^51s22s22p5

Now check each statement.

  1. Statement A: There can be 5 electrons with ms=+12m_s=+\tfrac{1}{2}ms​=+21​ and 4 electrons with ms=−12m_s=-\tfrac{1}{2}ms​=−21​.

For fluorine, total electrons =9=9=9. In ground state:

  • 1s21s^21s2: one electron has +12+\tfrac{1}{2}+21​, one has −12-\tfrac{1}{2}−21​
  • 2s22s^22s2: one electron has +12+\tfrac{1}{2}+21​, one has −12-\tfrac{1}{2}−21​
  • 2p52p^52p5: by Hund's rule, three ppp orbitals first get one electron each with parallel spins, then two electrons pair up.

So in 2p52p^52p5, we can have:

  • 333 electrons with ms=+12m_s=+\tfrac{1}{2}ms​=+21​
  • 222 electrons with ms=−12m_s=-\tfrac{1}{2}ms​=−21​

Total:

  • +12+\tfrac{1}{2}+21​ electrons =1+1+3=5=1+1+3=5=1+1+3=5
  • −12-\tfrac{1}{2}−21​ electrons =1+1+2=4=1+1+2=4=1+1+2=4

So A is correct.

  1. Statement B: There is only one electron in pzp_zpz​ orbital.

For 2p52p^52p5, electrons are distributed among three ppp orbitals: px,py,pzp_x, p_y, p_zpx​,py​,pz​. According to Hund’s rule, the distribution will be like: 2,2,12,2,12,2,1 across the three ppp orbitals, but which one has the single electron is arbitrary. It need not specifically be pzp_zpz​.

So saying there is only one electron in pzp_zpz​ orbital is not निश्चित/uniquely correct. Hence B is false.

  1. Statement C: The last electron goes to orbital with n=2n=2n=2 and l=1l=1l=1.

The last electron enters a 2p2p2p orbital. For a ppp orbital: n=2,l=1n=2,\quad l=1n=2,l=1 So C is correct.

  1. Statement D: The sum of angular nodes of all the atomic orbitals is 1.

Occupied orbitals are:

  • one 1s1s1s orbital
  • one 2s2s2s orbital
  • three 2p2p2p orbitals

Angular nodes for an orbital =l=l=l. Thus:

  • 1s1s1s: l=0l=0l=0  angular nodes =0=0=0
  • 2s2s2s: l=0l=0l=0  angular nodes =0=0=0
  • each 2p2p2p: l=1l=1l=1  angular nodes =1=1=1

Since there are three 2p2p2p orbitals, total angular nodes of all atomic orbitals 0+0+1+1+1=30+0+1+1+1=30+0+1+1+1=3 not 111.

So D is false.

Therefore, the correct statements are: A and C only\boxed{A \text{ and } C \text{ only}}A and C only​

Hence the correct option is C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

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