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Structure of Atom question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q19
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Structure of Atom question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q19

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1
Heat treatment of muscular pain involves radiation of wavelength of about 900 nm . Which spectral line of H atom is suitable for this? Given : Rydberg constant RH=105 cm−1, h=6.6×10−34 J s,c=3×108 m/s)\left.\mathrm{R}_{\mathrm{H}}=10^5 \mathrm{~cm}^{-1}, \mathrm{~h}=6.6 \times 10^{-34} \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~s}, \mathrm{c}=3 \times 10^8 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\right)RH​=105 cm−1, h=6.6×10−34 J s,c=3×108 m/s)
  1. A
    Lyman series, ∞→1\infty \rightarrow 1∞→1
  2. B
    Balmer series, ∞→2\infty \rightarrow 2∞→2
  3. C
    Paschen series, 5→35 \rightarrow 35→3
  4. D
    Paschen series, ∞→3\infty \rightarrow 3∞→3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Goal

We need the hydrogen spectral line whose wavelength is closest to the radiation used in heat treatment:

λ≈900 nm=9×10−7 m=9×10−5 cm\lambda \approx 900\,\text{nm} = 9 \times 10^{-7}\,\text{m} = 9 \times 10^{-5}\,\text{cm}λ≈900nm=9×10−7m=9×10−5cm

For hydrogen spectral lines, use the Rydberg formula:

νˉ=1λ=RH(1n12−1n22),n2>n1\bar\nu = \frac{1}{\lambda} = R_H\left(\frac{1}{n_1^2}-\frac{1}{n_2^2}\right), \quad n_2>n_1νˉ=λ1​=RH​(n12​1​−n22​1​),n2​>n1​

Given:

RH=105 cm−1R_H = 10^5\,\text{cm}^{-1}RH​=105cm−1

So we evaluate each option.


  1. Option A: Lyman series, ∞→1\infty \to 1∞→1

For n1=1n_1=1n1​=1, n2=∞n_2=\inftyn2​=∞:

1λ=RH(1−0)=105 cm−1\frac{1}{\lambda} = R_H\left(1-0\right)=10^5\,\text{cm}^{-1}λ1​=RH​(1−0)=105cm−1

λ=1105=10−5 cm=10−7 m=100 nm\lambda = \frac{1}{10^5} = 10^{-5}\,\text{cm} = 10^{-7}\,\text{m} = 100\,\text{nm}λ=1051​=10−5cm=10−7m=100nm

This is far from 900 nm900\,\text{nm}900nm.

So, A is not suitable.


  1. Option B: Balmer series, ∞→2\infty \to 2∞→2

For n1=2n_1=2n1​=2, n2=∞n_2=\inftyn2​=∞:

1λ=RH(122−0)=105⋅14=2.5×104 cm−1\frac{1}{\lambda} = R_H\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-0\right)=10^5\cdot\frac{1}{4}=2.5\times 10^4\,\text{cm}^{-1}λ1​=RH​(221​−0)=105⋅41​=2.5×104cm−1

λ=12.5×104=4×10−5 cm=4×10−7 m=400 nm\lambda = \frac{1}{2.5\times 10^4}=4\times 10^{-5}\,\text{cm}=4\times 10^{-7}\,\text{m}=400\,\text{nm}λ=2.5×1041​=4×10−5cm=4×10−7m=400nm

This is also not close to 900 nm900\,\text{nm}900nm.

So, B is not suitable.


  1. Option C: Paschen series, 5→35 \to 35→3

For n1=3n_1=3n1​=3, n2=5n_2=5n2​=5:

1λ=105(132−152)\frac{1}{\lambda} = 10^5\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{5^2}\right)λ1​=105(321​−521​)

=105(19−125)=105(25−9225)=105⋅16225=10^5\left(\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{25}\right) = 10^5\left(\frac{25-9}{225}\right)=10^5\cdot\frac{16}{225}=105(91​−251​)=105(22525−9​)=105⋅22516​

1λ≈7.11×103 cm−1\frac{1}{\lambda} \approx 7.11\times 10^3\,\text{cm}^{-1}λ1​≈7.11×103cm−1

λ≈17.11×103≈1.406×10−4 cm\lambda \approx \frac{1}{7.11\times 10^3} \approx 1.406\times 10^{-4}\,\text{cm}λ≈7.11×1031​≈1.406×10−4cm

Converting to nm:

1.406×10−4 cm=1.406×10−6 m=1406 nm1.406\times 10^{-4}\,\text{cm} = 1.406\times 10^{-6}\,\text{m} = 1406\,\text{nm}1.406×10−4cm=1.406×10−6m=1406nm

Not close to 900 nm900\,\text{nm}900nm.

So, C is not suitable.


  1. Option D: Paschen series, ∞→3\infty \to 3∞→3

For n1=3n_1=3n1​=3, n2=∞n_2=\inftyn2​=∞:

1λ=105(19−0)=1059 cm−1\frac{1}{\lambda} = 10^5\left(\frac{1}{9}-0\right)=\frac{10^5}{9}\,\text{cm}^{-1}λ1​=105(91​−0)=9105​cm−1

λ=9105 cm=9×10−5 cm\lambda = \frac{9}{10^5}\,\text{cm}=9\times 10^{-5}\,\text{cm}λ=1059​cm=9×10−5cm

Convert to meters:

9×10−5 cm=9×10−7 m=900 nm9\times 10^{-5}\,\text{cm} = 9\times 10^{-7}\,\text{m} = 900\,\text{nm}9×10−5cm=9×10−7m=900nm

This exactly matches the required wavelength.

So, D is suitable.


  1. Final Answer

The spectral line of hydrogen suitable for radiation of wavelength about 900 nm900\,\text{nm}900nm is:

Paschen series, ∞→3\boxed{\text{Paschen series, } \infty \to 3}Paschen series, ∞→3​

So the correct option is D.

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