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Structure of Atom question

2021 · 26 Aug · Shift 2 · Q16
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Structure of Atom question

2021 · 26 Aug · Shift 2 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomNumerical+4 / −1
A metal surface is exposed to 500 nm radiation. The threshold frequency of the metal for photoelectric current is 4.3 ×\times× 1014 Hz. The velocity of ejected electron is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​×\times× 105 ms −-− 1 (Nearest integer) [Use : h = 6.63 ×\times× 10 −-− 34 Js, me = 9.0 ×\times× 10 −-− 31 kg]
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 5

  1. Use Einstein’s photoelectric equation

    hν=hν0+12mv2h\nu = h\nu_0 + \frac{1}{2}mv^2hν=hν0​+21​mv2

    Hence,

    12mv2=h(ν−ν0)\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = h(\nu-\nu_0)21​mv2=h(ν−ν0​)

  2. Calculate frequency of incident radiation

    Given wavelength,

    λ=500 nm=500×10−9 m\lambda = 500\,\text{nm} = 500\times 10^{-9}\,\text{m}λ=500nm=500×10−9m

    Frequency is

    ν=cλ=3×108500×10−9\nu = \frac{c}{\lambda} = \frac{3\times 10^8}{500\times 10^{-9}}ν=λc​=500×10−93×108​

    ν=6×1014 Hz\nu = 6\times 10^{14}\,\text{Hz}ν=6×1014Hz

  3. Given threshold frequency

    ν0=4.3×1014 Hz\nu_0 = 4.3\times 10^{14}\,\text{Hz}ν0​=4.3×1014Hz

    Therefore,

    ν−ν0=(6.0−4.3)×1014=1.7×1014 Hz\nu-\nu_0 = (6.0-4.3)\times 10^{14} = 1.7\times 10^{14}\,\text{Hz}ν−ν0​=(6.0−4.3)×1014=1.7×1014Hz

  4. Compute kinetic energy of emitted electron

    K.E.=h(ν−ν0)K.E. = h(\nu-\nu_0)K.E.=h(ν−ν0​)

    =6.63×10−34×1.7×1014= 6.63\times 10^{-34}\times 1.7\times 10^{14}=6.63×10−34×1.7×1014

    =11.271×10−20 J= 11.271\times 10^{-20}\,\text{J}=11.271×10−20J

    =1.1271×10−19 J= 1.1271\times 10^{-19}\,\text{J}=1.1271×10−19J

  5. Use

    12mv2=1.1271×10−19\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = 1.1271\times 10^{-19}21​mv2=1.1271×10−19

    with m=9.0×10−31 kgm = 9.0\times 10^{-31}\,\text{kg}m=9.0×10−31kg:

    v2=2×1.1271×10−199.0×10−31v^2 = \frac{2\times 1.1271\times 10^{-19}}{9.0\times 10^{-31}}v2=9.0×10−312×1.1271×10−19​

    v2=2.2542×10−199.0×10−31v^2 = \frac{2.2542\times 10^{-19}}{9.0\times 10^{-31}}v2=9.0×10−312.2542×10−19​

    v2=2.5047×1011v^2 = 2.5047\times 10^{11}v2=2.5047×1011

  6. Find velocity

    v=2.5047×1011v = \sqrt{2.5047\times 10^{11}}v=2.5047×1011​

    v≈5.0×105 m s−1v \approx 5.0\times 10^5\,\text{m s}^{-1}v≈5.0×105m s−1

  7. Nearest integer

    The blank is in the form ‾×105 m s−1\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\times 10^5\,\text{m s}^{-1}​×105m s−1, so the required integer is

    5\boxed{5}5​

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