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Solutions question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 2 · Q12
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Solutions question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 2 · Q12

JEE MainChemistrySolutionsMCQ+4 / −1
Liquid A and B form an ideal solution. The vapour pressures of pure liquids A and B are 350 and 750 mm Hg respectively at the same temperature. If xAx_AxA​ and xBx_BxB​ are the mole fraction of A and B in solution while yAy_AyA​ and yBy_ByB​ are the mole fraction of A and B in vapour phase, then,
  1. A
    (xA−yA)<(xB−yB)(x_A - y_A) \lt (x_B - y_B)(xA​−yA​)<(xB​−yB​)
  2. B
    xAxB=yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} = \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​=yB​yA​​
  3. C
    xAxB<yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} \lt \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​<yB​yA​​
  4. D
    xAxB>yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} \gt \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​>yB​yA​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Use Raoult’s law for an ideal solution

For liquids AAA and BBB: pA=xApA0,pB=xBpB0p_A = x_A p_A^0, \qquad p_B = x_B p_B^0pA​=xA​pA0​,pB​=xB​pB0​ where pA0=350 mm Hg,pB0=750 mm Hgp_A^0 = 350\ \text{mm Hg}, \qquad p_B^0 = 750\ \text{mm Hg}pA0​=350 mm Hg,pB0​=750 mm Hg

Total vapour pressure: P=pA+pB=xApA0+xBpB0P = p_A + p_B = x_A p_A^0 + x_B p_B^0P=pA​+pB​=xA​pA0​+xB​pB0​

  1. Relate vapour-phase mole fractions to partial pressures

By Dalton’s law, yA=pAP,yB=pBPy_A = \frac{p_A}{P}, \qquad y_B = \frac{p_B}{P}yA​=PpA​​,yB​=PpB​​ So, yAyB=pApB=xApA0xBpB0\frac{y_A}{y_B} = \frac{p_A}{p_B} = \frac{x_A p_A^0}{x_B p_B^0}yB​yA​​=pB​pA​​=xB​pB0​xA​pA0​​ Hence, yAyB=xAxB⋅350750=xAxB⋅715\frac{y_A}{y_B} = \frac{x_A}{x_B}\cdot \frac{350}{750} = \frac{x_A}{x_B}\cdot \frac{7}{15}yB​yA​​=xB​xA​​⋅750350​=xB​xA​​⋅157​

Therefore, yAyB<xAxB\frac{y_A}{y_B} < \frac{x_A}{x_B}yB​yA​​<xB​xA​​ which gives xAxB>yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} > \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​>yB​yA​​ So Option D is correct.


  1. Check the other options

Option B:

xAxB=yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} = \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​=yB​yA​​ This is false because yAyB=xAxB⋅715\frac{y_A}{y_B} = \frac{x_A}{x_B}\cdot \frac{7}{15}yB​yA​​=xB​xA​​⋅157​ not equal to xAxB\frac{x_A}{x_B}xB​xA​​.

Option C:

xAxB<yAyB\frac{x_A}{x_B} < \frac{y_A}{y_B}xB​xA​​<yB​yA​​ False, since we found the reverse inequality.

Option A:

We test the sign of xA−yAx_A-y_AxA​−yA​ and xB−yBx_B-y_BxB​−yB​.

Since BBB is more volatile (750>350750 > 350750>350), vapour is richer in BBB: yB>xBy_B > x_ByB​>xB​ Thus, xB−yB<0x_B - y_B < 0xB​−yB​<0 Similarly, yA<xA  ⟹  xA−yA>0y_A < x_A \implies x_A - y_A > 0yA​<xA​⟹xA​−yA​>0 Therefore, xA−yA>xB−yBx_A - y_A > x_B - y_BxA​−yA​>xB​−yB​ So the statement (xA−yA)<(xB−yB)(x_A-y_A) < (x_B-y_B)(xA​−yA​)<(xB​−yB​) is false.


  1. Final conclusion

The correct option is: D\boxed{D}D​

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