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Electrochemistry question

2013 · Shift 0 · Q15
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Electrochemistry question

2013 · Shift 0 · Q15

JEE MainChemistryElectrochemistryMCQ+4 / −1
Given ECr2+/CroE_{C{r^{2 + }}/Cr}^oECr2+/Cro​= -0.74 V; EMnO4−/Mn2+oE_{MnO_4^ - /M{n^{2 + }}}^oEMnO4−​/Mn2+o​= 1.51 V ECr2O72−/Cr3+oE_{C{r_2}O_7^{2 - }/C{r^{3 + }}}^oECr2​O72−​/Cr3+o​= 1.33 V; ECl/Cl−oE_{Cl/C{l^ - }}^oECl/Cl−o​ = 1.36 V Based on the data given above, strongest oxidising agent will be :
  1. A
    Cr3+Cr^{3+}Cr3+
  2. B
    Mn2+Mn^{2+}Mn2+
  3. C
    MnO4−MnO_4^ -MnO4−​
  4. D
    Cl−Cl^-Cl−
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Identify what determines oxidising strength

An oxidising agent is the species that gets reduced.
So, the larger the standard reduction potential E^c, the stronger the oxidising agent.

We compare the species given in the options based on whether they can act as oxidising agents in the listed reduction half-reactions.


  1. Write the relevant reduction half-reactions

Given:

Cr2++2e−→CrE∘=−0.74 VCr^{2+} + 2e^- \rightarrow Cr \qquad E^\circ = -0.74\,\text{V}Cr2++2e−→CrE∘=−0.74V

MnO4−+8H++5e−→Mn2++4H2OE∘=1.51 VMnO_4^- + 8H^+ + 5e^- \rightarrow Mn^{2+} + 4H_2O \qquad E^\circ = 1.51\,\text{V}MnO4−​+8H++5e−→Mn2++4H2​OE∘=1.51V

Cr2O72−+14H++6e−→2Cr3++7H2OE∘=1.33 VCr_2O_7^{2-} + 14H^+ + 6e^- \rightarrow 2Cr^{3+} + 7H_2O \qquad E^\circ = 1.33\,\text{V}Cr2​O72−​+14H++6e−→2Cr3++7H2​OE∘=1.33V

Cl2+2e−→2Cl−E∘=1.36 VCl_2 + 2e^- \rightarrow 2Cl^- \qquad E^\circ = 1.36\,\text{V}Cl2​+2e−→2Cl−E∘=1.36V


  1. Check the options

Option A: Cr3+Cr^{3+}Cr3+

The given chromium reduction potential involving Cr3+Cr^{3+}Cr3+ is not directly Cr3+→CrCr^{3+} \to CrCr3+→Cr; instead, we are given:

Cr2O72−→Cr3+Cr_2O_7^{2-} \rightarrow Cr^{3+}Cr2​O72−​→Cr3+

Here Cr3+Cr^{3+}Cr3+ is the reduced form, so it is not the strongest oxidising agent.

Option B: Mn2+Mn^{2+}Mn2+

From

MnO4−→Mn2+MnO_4^- \rightarrow Mn^{2+}MnO4−​→Mn2+

Mn2+Mn^{2+}Mn2+ is the reduced form, so it is not an oxidising agent here.

Option C: MnO4−MnO_4^-MnO4−​

This is reduced according to

MnO4−+8H++5e−→Mn2++4H2OMnO_4^- + 8H^+ + 5e^- \rightarrow Mn^{2+} + 4H_2OMnO4−​+8H++5e−→Mn2++4H2​O

with

E∘=1.51 VE^\circ = 1.51\,\text{V}E∘=1.51V

This is very high, so MnO4−MnO_4^-MnO4−​ is a very strong oxidising agent.

Option D: Cl−Cl^-Cl−

From

Cl2+2e−→2Cl−Cl_2 + 2e^- \rightarrow 2Cl^-Cl2​+2e−→2Cl−

Cl−Cl^-Cl− is the reduced form. It cannot be the oxidising agent; rather Cl2Cl_2Cl2​ would be.


  1. Compare oxidising agents by E∘E^\circE∘

Among the species listed, the only clear strong oxidising species is MnO4−MnO_4^-MnO4−​, and its reduction potential is highest:

1.51 V>1.36 V>1.33 V1.51\,\text{V} > 1.36\,\text{V} > 1.33\,\text{V}1.51V>1.36V>1.33V

Hence, the strongest oxidising agent is:

MnO4−\boxed{MnO_4^-}MnO4−​​


  1. Compare with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: C
Derived answer: C

They match.

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