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Electrochemistry question

2011 · Shift 0 · Q23
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Electrochemistry question

2011 · Shift 0 · Q23

JEE MainChemistryElectrochemistryMCQ+4 / −1
The reduction potential of hydrogen half cell will be negative if :
  1. A
    p(H2H_2H2​) = 1 atm and [H+H^+H+] = 1.0 M
  2. B
    p(H2H_2H2​) = 1 atm and [H+H^+H+] = 2.0 M
  3. C
    p(H2H_2H2​) = 2 atm and [H+H^+H+] =1.0 M
  4. D
    p(H2H_2H2​) = 2 atm and [H+H^+H+] =2.0 M
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Write the half-cell reduction reaction

    2H++2e−→H2(g)2H^+ + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2(g)2H++2e−→H2​(g)

    For the hydrogen electrode, the standard reduction potential is

    E∘=0E^\circ = 0E∘=0

  2. Apply the Nernst equation

    For the reaction above,

    E=E∘−0.05912log⁡pH2[H+]2E = E^\circ - \frac{0.0591}{2} \log \frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2}E=E∘−20.0591​log[H+]2pH2​​​

    Since E∘=0E^\circ = 0E∘=0,

    E=−0.05912log⁡pH2[H+]2E = - \frac{0.0591}{2} \log \frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2}E=−20.0591​log[H+]2pH2​​​

  3. Condition for reduction potential to be negative

    We need

    E<0E < 0E<0

    Since the coefficient outside the log is negative, this requires

    log⁡pH2[H+]2>0\log \frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} > 0log[H+]2pH2​​​>0

    which means

    pH2[H+]2>1\frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} > 1[H+]2pH2​​​>1

  4. Check each option

    Option A

    pH2[H+]2=1(1)2=1\frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} = \frac{1}{(1)^2} = 1[H+]2pH2​​​=(1)21​=1 E=0E = 0E=0 Not negative.

    Option B

    pH2[H+]2=1(2)2=14<1\frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} = \frac{1}{(2)^2} = \frac{1}{4} < 1[H+]2pH2​​​=(2)21​=41​<1 So log⁡(1/4)<0\log(1/4) < 0log(1/4)<0, hence E>0E > 0E>0. Not negative.

    Option C

    pH2[H+]2=2(1)2=2>1\frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} = \frac{2}{(1)^2} = 2 > 1[H+]2pH2​​​=(1)22​=2>1 So log⁡2>0\log 2 > 0log2>0, hence E<0E < 0E<0 Negative.

    Option D

    pH2[H+]2=2(2)2=12<1\frac{p_{H_2}}{[H^+]^2} = \frac{2}{(2)^2} = \frac{1}{2} < 1[H+]2pH2​​​=(2)22​=21​<1 So log⁡(1/2)<0\log(1/2) < 0log(1/2)<0, hence E>0E > 0E>0. Not negative.

  5. Conclusion

    The reduction potential of the hydrogen half-cell is negative only for Option C.

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