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D and F Block Elements question

2022 · 28 Jul · Shift 1 · Q6
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D and F Block Elements question

2022 · 28 Jul · Shift 1 · Q6

JEE MainChemistryD and F Block ElementsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following has least tendency to liberate H2\mathrm{H}_{2}H2​ from mineral acids?
  1. A
    Cu
  2. B
    Mn
  3. C
    Ni
  4. D
    Zn
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Principle involved

    A metal liberates H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ from mineral acids if it can displace hydrogen from acid: M+2H+→M2++H2M + 2H^+ \to M^{2+} + H_2M+2H+→M2++H2​

    This depends on the metal's position in the electrochemical/reactivity series.

    • Metals above hydrogen in the series generally liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ from dilute mineral acids.
    • Metals below hydrogen do not liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ easily.
  2. Check the given metals

    Standard reduction potentials:

    • Cu2+/Cu=+0.34 V\mathrm{Cu^{2+}/Cu} = +0.34\,VCu2+/Cu=+0.34V
    • Ni2+/Ni≈−0.25 V\mathrm{Ni^{2+}/Ni} \approx -0.25\,VNi2+/Ni≈−0.25V
    • Zn2+/Zn=−0.76 V\mathrm{Zn^{2+}/Zn} = -0.76\,VZn2+/Zn=−0.76V
    • Mn2+/Mn≈−1.18 V\mathrm{Mn^{2+}/Mn} \approx -1.18\,VMn2+/Mn≈−1.18V

    The more negative the reduction potential, the greater the tendency of the metal to get oxidized and hence to liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ from acids.

  3. Compare tendency to liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​

    • Mn\mathrm{Mn}Mn: very high tendency
    • Zn\mathrm{Zn}Zn: high tendency
    • Ni\mathrm{Ni}Ni: moderate tendency
    • Cu\mathrm{Cu}Cu: least tendency

    Copper lies below hydrogen in the reactivity series, so it does not liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ from non-oxidizing mineral acids like dilute HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl or dilute H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4}H2​SO4​.

  4. Evaluate options

    • A: Cu — least tendency ✅
    • B: Mn — readily liberates H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ ❌
    • C: Ni — can liberate H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ ❌
    • D: Zn — readily liberates H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​ ❌

Therefore, the correct answer is: A: Cu\boxed{\text{A: Cu}}A: Cu​

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