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Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q2
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Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q2

JEE MainChemistryCoordination CompoundsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following complex is octahedral, diamagnetic and the most stable?
  1. A
    Na3[CoCl6]\mathrm{Na}_{3}\left[\mathrm{CoCl}_{6}\right]Na3​[CoCl6​]
  2. B
    [Co(H2O)6]Cl2\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right] \mathrm{Cl}_{2}[Co(H2​O)6​]Cl2​
  3. C
    K3[Co(CN)6]\mathrm{K}_{3}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]K3​[Co(CN)6​]
  4. D
    [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}\right] \mathrm{Cl}_{2}[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Determine oxidation state and electronic configuration of the metal in each complex

All given complexes are octahedral because each has coordination number 666.

We now check magnetic nature and stability.


  1. Option A: Na3[CoCl6]\mathrm{Na}_3[\mathrm{CoCl}_6]Na3​[CoCl6​]

The complex ion is [CoCl6]3−[\mathrm{CoCl}_6]^{3-}[CoCl6​]3−.

Let oxidation state of Co be xxx: x+6(−1)=−3x+6(-1)=-3x+6(−1)=−3 x=+3x=+3x=+3

So, Co is Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+.

Atomic number of Co = 27 Co:[Ar]3d74s2\mathrm{Co}: [Ar]3d^74s^2Co:[Ar]3d74s2 Co3+:3d6\mathrm{Co}^{3+}: 3d^6Co3+:3d6

Ligand Cl−\mathrm{Cl}^-Cl− is a weak field ligand, so octahedral complex is high spin: t2g4eg2t_{2g}^4e_g^2t2g4​eg2​

This has 4 unpaired electrons, hence it is paramagnetic, not diamagnetic.

So A is not correct.


  1. Option B: [Co(H2O)6]Cl2[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})_6]\mathrm{Cl}_2[Co(H2​O)6​]Cl2​

The complex cation is [Co(H2O)6]2+[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})_6]^{2+}[Co(H2​O)6​]2+.

Since water is neutral, oxidation state of Co is: x=+2x=+2x=+2

So, Co is Co2+\mathrm{Co}^{2+}Co2+: Co2+=3d7\mathrm{Co}^{2+}=3d^7Co2+=3d7

H2O\mathrm{H_2O}H2​O is a weak field ligand, so the octahedral complex is high spin: t2g5eg2t_{2g}^5e_g^2t2g5​eg2​

This has 3 unpaired electrons, so it is paramagnetic.

So B is not correct.


  1. Option C: K3[Co(CN)6]\mathrm{K}_3[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_6]K3​[Co(CN)6​]

The complex ion is [Co(CN)6]3−[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_6]^{3-}[Co(CN)6​]3−.

Let oxidation state of Co be xxx: x+6(−1)=−3x+6(-1)=-3x+6(−1)=−3 x=+3x=+3x=+3

So, Co is Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+: Co3+=3d6\mathrm{Co}^{3+}=3d^6Co3+=3d6

CN−\mathrm{CN^-}CN− is a strong field ligand, so octahedral splitting is large and the complex becomes low spin: t2g6eg0t_{2g}^6e_g^0t2g6​eg0​

All electrons are paired, so the complex is diamagnetic.

Also, CN−\mathrm{CN^-}CN− forms very stable complexes because of:

  • strong field nature,
  • large crystal field stabilization energy,
  • possible π\piπ-back bonding,
  • low-spin d6d^6d6 configuration, which is especially stable.

So C is octahedral, diamagnetic, and the most stable.


  1. Option D: [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{NH}_3)_6]\mathrm{Cl}_2[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​

The complex cation is [Ni(NH3)6]2+[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{NH}_3)_6]^{2+}[Ni(NH3​)6​]2+.

Since NH3\mathrm{NH_3}NH3​ is neutral: x=+2x=+2x=+2

So, Ni is Ni2+\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}Ni2+: Ni2+=3d8\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}=3d^8Ni2+=3d8

In octahedral field: t2g6eg2t_{2g}^6e_g^2t2g6​eg2​

This has 2 unpaired electrons, so it is paramagnetic.

So D is not correct.


  1. Final comparison

Only option C is:

  • octahedral,
  • diamagnetic,
  • highly stable.

Therefore, the correct answer is: K3[Co(CN)6]\boxed{\mathrm{K}_3[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_6]}K3​[Co(CN)6​]​ which corresponds to Option C.

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