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Vector Algebra question

2011 · Shift 1 · Q39
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  5. /2011 · Shift 1 · Q39

Vector Algebra question

2011 · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE AdvancedMathematicsVector AlgebraMultiple correct+4 / −1
The vector (s) which is/are coplanar with vectors i^+j^+2k^{\widehat i + \widehat j + 2\widehat k}i+j​+2k and i^+2j^+k^,{\widehat i + 2\widehat j + \widehat k,}i+2j​+k, and perpendicular to the vector i^+j^+k^{\widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k}i+j​+k is/are
  1. A
    j^−k^\widehat j - \widehat kj​−k
  2. B
    −i^+j^-\widehat i + \widehat j−i+j​
  3. C
    i^−j^\widehat i - \widehat ji−j​
  4. D
    −j^+k^-\widehat j + \widehat k−j​+k
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D, A

  1. Let a⃗=i^+j^+2k^=(1,1,2),b⃗=i^+2j^+k^=(1,2,1).\vec a = \hat i + \hat j + 2\hat k = (1,1,2), \qquad \vec b = \hat i + 2\hat j + \hat k = (1,2,1).a=i^+j^​+2k^=(1,1,2),b=i^+2j^​+k^=(1,2,1).

    We need vectors which are:

    • coplanar with a⃗\vec aa and b⃗\vec bb r lie in the plane spanned by a⃗,b⃗\vec a, \vec ba,b,
    • perpendicular to i^+j^+k^=(1,1,1)\hat i+\hat j+\hat k = (1,1,1)i^+j^​+k^=(1,1,1).
  2. Any vector coplanar with a⃗\vec aa and b⃗\vec bb can be written as v⃗=xa⃗+yb⃗.\vec v = x\vec a + y\vec b.v=xa+yb. So, v⃗=x(1,1,2)+y(1,2,1)=(x+y, x+2y, 2x+y).\vec v = x(1,1,2) + y(1,2,1) = (x+y,\ x+2y,\ 2x+y).v=x(1,1,2)+y(1,2,1)=(x+y, x+2y, 2x+y).

  3. Since v⃗\vec vv is perpendicular to (1,1,1)(1,1,1)(1,1,1), v⃗⋅(1,1,1)=0.\vec v\cdot (1,1,1)=0.v⋅(1,1,1)=0. Therefore, (x+y)+(x+2y)+(2x+y)=0(x+y)+(x+2y)+(2x+y)=0(x+y)+(x+2y)+(2x+y)=0 4x+4y=04x+4y=04x+4y=0 x+y=0  ⟹  y=−x. x+y=0 \implies y=-x.x+y=0⟹y=−x.

  4. Hence v⃗=x(a⃗−b⃗).\vec v = x(\vec a-\vec b).v=x(a−b). Now, a⃗−b⃗=(1,1,2)−(1,2,1)=(0,−1,1)=−j^+k^.\vec a-\vec b=(1,1,2)-(1,2,1)=(0,-1,1)= -\hat j+\hat k.a−b=(1,1,2)−(1,2,1)=(0,−1,1)=−j^​+k^. So every such vector is a scalar multiple of −j^+k^-\hat j+\hat k−j^​+k^.

  5. Check the options:

    • A: j^−k^=−(−j^+k^)\hat j-\hat k = -( -\hat j+\hat k)j^​−k^=−(−j^​+k^)

      This is a scalar multiple of the required vector, so it lies in the same plane and is perpendicular to (1,1,1)(1,1,1)(1,1,1).

      Correct.

    • B: −i^+j^=(−1,1,0)-\hat i+\hat j = (-1,1,0)−i^+j^​=(−1,1,0)

      Dot with (1,1,1)(1,1,1)(1,1,1): (−1)+1+0=0,(-1)+1+0=0,(−1)+1+0=0, but check if it is in span of a⃗,b⃗\vec a,\vec ba,b. If xa⃗+yb⃗=(−1,1,0),x\vec a+y\vec b=(-1,1,0),xa+yb=(−1,1,0), then x+y=−1,x+2y=1,2x+y=0.x+y=-1,\quad x+2y=1,\quad 2x+y=0.x+y=−1,x+2y=1,2x+y=0. From first two, y=2y=2y=2, x=−3x=-3x=−3, then 2x+y=−6+2=−4≠02x+y=-6+2=-4\neq 02x+y=−6+2=−4=0. Not coplanar with a⃗,b⃗\vec a,\vec ba,b.

      Incorrect.

    • C: i^−j^=(1,−1,0)\hat i-\hat j = (1,-1,0)i^−j^​=(1,−1,0)

      Dot with (1,1,1)(1,1,1)(1,1,1): 1−1+0=0,1-1+0=0,1−1+0=0, but check span: x+y=1,x+2y=−1,2x+y=0.x+y=1,\quad x+2y=-1,\quad 2x+y=0.x+y=1,x+2y=−1,2x+y=0. From first two, y=−2y=-2y=−2, x=3x=3x=3, then 2x+y=6−2=4≠02x+y=6-2=4\neq 02x+y=6−2=4=0. Not coplanar.

      Incorrect.

    • D: −j^+k^=(0,−1,1)-\hat j+\hat k = (0,-1,1)−j^​+k^=(0,−1,1)

      This is exactly a⃗−b⃗\vec a-\vec ba−b, so it is coplanar. Also, 0−1+1=0,0-1+1=0,0−1+1=0, so it is perpendicular to (1,1,1)(1,1,1)(1,1,1).

      Correct.

  6. Therefore, the correct vectors are j^−k^ and −j^+k^.\boxed{\hat j-\hat k \text{ and } -\hat j+\hat k}.j^​−k^ and −j^​+k^​.

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