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Vector Algebra question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q44
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Vector Algebra question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q44

JEE AdvancedMathematicsVector AlgebraMCQ+4 / −1
Let P,Q,RP,Q,RP,Q,R and SSS be the points on the plane with position vectors −2i^−j^,4i^,3i^+3j^{ - 2\widehat i - \widehat j,4\widehat i,3\widehat i + 3\widehat j}−2i−j​,4i,3i+3j​ and −3i^+2j^{ - 3\widehat i + 2\widehat j}−3i+2j​ respectively. The quadrilateral PQRSPQRSPQRS must be a
  1. A
    parallelogram, which is neither a rhombus nor a rectangle
  2. B
    square
  3. C
    rectangle, but not a square
  4. D
    rhombus, but not a square
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Identify the position vectors of the vertices. Let the origin be OOO. The position vectors of the points P,Q,R,P, Q, R,P,Q,R, and SSS are given as:

    • OP⃗=p⃗=−2i^−j^\vec{OP} = \vec{p} = -2\widehat i - \widehat jOP=p​=−2i−j​
    • OQ⃗=q⃗=4i^\vec{OQ} = \vec{q} = 4\widehat iOQ​=q​=4i
    • OR⃗=r⃗=3i^+3j^\vec{OR} = \vec{r} = 3\widehat i + 3\widehat jOR=r=3i+3j​
    • OS⃗=s⃗=−3i^+2j^\vec{OS} = \vec{s} = -3\widehat i + 2\widehat jOS=s=−3i+2j​
  2. Calculate the vectors representing the sides of the quadrilateral. We find the vectors for each side of the quadrilateral PQRSPQRSPQRS:

    • PQ⃗=q⃗−p⃗=(4i^)−(−2i^−j^)=6i^+j^\vec{PQ} = \vec{q} - \vec{p} = (4\widehat i) - (-2\widehat i - \widehat j) = 6\widehat i + \widehat jPQ​=q​−p​=(4i)−(−2i−j​)=6i+j​
    • QR⃗=r⃗−q⃗=(3i^+3j^)−(4i^)=−i^+3j^\vec{QR} = \vec{r} - \vec{q} = (3\widehat i + 3\widehat j) - (4\widehat i) = -\widehat i + 3\widehat jQR​=r−q​=(3i+3j​)−(4i)=−i+3j​
    • RS⃗=s⃗−r⃗=(−3i^+2j^)−(3i^+3j^)=−6i^−j^\vec{RS} = \vec{s} - \vec{r} = (-3\widehat i + 2\widehat j) - (3\widehat i + 3\widehat j) = -6\widehat i - \widehat jRS=s−r=(−3i+2j​)−(3i+3j​)=−6i−j​
    • SP⃗=p⃗−s⃗=(−2i^−j^)−(−3i^+2j^)=i^−3j^\vec{SP} = \vec{p} - \vec{s} = (-2\widehat i - \widehat j) - (-3\widehat i + 2\widehat j) = \widehat i - 3\widehat jSP=p​−s=(−2i−j​)−(−3i+2j​)=i−3j​
  3. Check if the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if one pair of opposite sides are equal and parallel, which means their corresponding vectors are equal. Let's compare PQ⃗\vec{PQ}PQ​ and SR⃗\vec{SR}SR. Note that SR⃗=−RS⃗\vec{SR} = -\vec{RS}SR=−RS.

    • PQ⃗=6i^+j^\vec{PQ} = 6\widehat i + \widehat jPQ​=6i+j​
    • SR⃗=−RS⃗=−(−6i^−j^)=6i^+j^\vec{SR} = -\vec{RS} = -(-6\widehat i - \widehat j) = 6\widehat i + \widehat jSR=−RS=−(−6i−j​)=6i+j​ Since PQ⃗=SR⃗\vec{PQ} = \vec{SR}PQ​=SR, the sides PQPQPQ and SRSRSR are equal in length and parallel. Therefore, the quadrilateral PQRSPQRSPQRS is a parallelogram. Alternatively, we can check the other pair of opposite sides:
    • PS⃗=−SP⃗=−(i^−3j^)=−i^+3j^\vec{PS} = -\vec{SP} = -(\widehat i - 3\widehat j) = -\widehat i + 3\widehat jPS=−SP=−(i−3j​)=−i+3j​
    • QR⃗=−i^+3j^\vec{QR} = -\widehat i + 3\widehat jQR​=−i+3j​ Since PS⃗=QR⃗\vec{PS} = \vec{QR}PS=QR​, this also confirms that PQRSPQRSPQRS is a parallelogram.
  4. Check if the parallelogram is a rhombus. A rhombus is a parallelogram with all sides of equal length. Let's find the magnitudes (lengths) of the adjacent sides PQ⃗\vec{PQ}PQ​ and QR⃗\vec{QR}QR​.

    • ∣PQ⃗∣=62+12=36+1=37|\vec{PQ}| = \sqrt{6^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{36 + 1} = \sqrt{37}∣PQ​∣=62+12​=36+1​=37​
    • ∣QR⃗∣=(−1)2+32=1+9=10|\vec{QR}| = \sqrt{(-1)^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{1 + 9} = \sqrt{10}∣QR​∣=(−1)2+32​=1+9​=10​ Since ∣PQ⃗∣≠∣QR⃗∣|\vec{PQ}| \neq |\vec{QR}|∣PQ​∣=∣QR​∣, the adjacent sides are not equal. Thus, the parallelogram is not a rhombus. This also implies it cannot be a square.
  5. Check if the parallelogram is a rectangle. A rectangle is a parallelogram with perpendicular adjacent sides. We can check this by taking the dot product of the vectors of two adjacent sides. If the dot product is zero, the sides are perpendicular.

    • PQ⃗⋅QR⃗=(6i^+j^)⋅(−i^+3j^)\vec{PQ} \cdot \vec{QR} = (6\widehat i + \widehat j) \cdot (-\widehat i + 3\widehat j)PQ​⋅QR​=(6i+j​)⋅(−i+3j​)
    • =(6)(−1)+(1)(3)=−6+3=−3= (6)(-1) + (1)(3) = -6 + 3 = -3=(6)(−1)+(1)(3)=−6+3=−3 Since PQ⃗⋅QR⃗≠0\vec{PQ} \cdot \vec{QR} \neq 0PQ​⋅QR​=0, the adjacent sides are not perpendicular. Therefore, the parallelogram is not a rectangle. This also implies it cannot be a square.

    Alternatively, we can check if the diagonals are equal.

    • PR⃗=r⃗−p⃗=(3i^+3j^)−(−2i^−j^)=5i^+4j^\vec{PR} = \vec{r} - \vec{p} = (3\widehat i + 3\widehat j) - (-2\widehat i - \widehat j) = 5\widehat i + 4\widehat jPR=r−p​=(3i+3j​)−(−2i−j​)=5i+4j​
    • ∣PR⃗∣=52+42=25+16=41|\vec{PR}| = \sqrt{5^2 + 4^2} = \sqrt{25 + 16} = \sqrt{41}∣PR∣=52+42​=25+16​=41​
    • QS⃗=s⃗−q⃗=(−3i^+2j^)−(4i^)=−7i^+2j^\vec{QS} = \vec{s} - \vec{q} = (-3\widehat i + 2\widehat j) - (4\widehat i) = -7\widehat i + 2\widehat jQS​=s−q​=(−3i+2j​)−(4i)=−7i+2j​
    • ∣QS⃗∣=(−7)2+22=49+4=53|\vec{QS}| = \sqrt{(-7)^2 + 2^2} = \sqrt{49 + 4} = \sqrt{53}∣QS​∣=(−7)2+22​=49+4​=53​ Since ∣PR⃗∣≠∣QS⃗∣|\vec{PR}| \neq |\vec{QS}|∣PR∣=∣QS​∣, the diagonals are not equal, which confirms it is not a rectangle.
  6. Conclusion. The quadrilateral PQRSPQRSPQRS is a parallelogram, but it is neither a rhombus (unequal adjacent sides) nor a rectangle (adjacent sides not perpendicular).

    Therefore, the correct description is a parallelogram, which is neither a rhombus nor a rectangle.

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