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Vector Algebra question

2008 · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2008 · Shift 1 · Q27

Vector Algebra question

2008 · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE AdvancedMathematicsVector AlgebraMCQ+3 / −1
The edges of a parallelopiped are of unit length and are parallel to non-coplanar unit vectors a→ , b→,c→\overrightarrow a \,,\,\overrightarrow b ,\overrightarrow ca,b,c such that a^ . b^=b^ . c^=c^ . a^=12.\widehat a\,.\,\widehat b = \widehat b\,.\,\widehat c = \widehat c\,.\,\widehat a = {1 \over 2}.a.b=b.c=c.a=21​. Then, the volume of the parallelopiped is :
  1. A
    12{1 \over {\sqrt 2 }}2​1​
  2. B
    122{1 \over {2\sqrt 2 }}22​1​
  3. C
    32{{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}23​​
  4. D
    13{1 \over {\sqrt 3 }}3​1​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

Step-by-step Solution:

  1. Identify the given information:

    • The edges of the parallelopiped are of unit length. Let these edges be represented by the vectors a→\overrightarrow aa, b→\overrightarrow bb, and c→\overrightarrow cc.
    • Since they are unit vectors, we have ∣a→∣=∣b→∣=∣c→∣=1|\overrightarrow a| = |\overrightarrow b| = |\overrightarrow c| = 1∣a∣=∣b∣=∣c∣=1.
    • The dot products between these non-coplanar unit vectors are given: a→⋅b→=b→⋅c→=c→⋅a→=12\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow c = \overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow a = {1 \over 2}a⋅b=b⋅c=c⋅a=21​.
  2. Recall the formula for the volume of a parallelopiped: The volume V of a parallelopiped with adjacent edges a→\overrightarrow aa, b→\overrightarrow bb, and c→\overrightarrow cc is given by the magnitude of the scalar triple product: V=∣[a→ b→ c→]∣=∣a→⋅(b→×c→)∣V = |[\overrightarrow a \,\overrightarrow b \,\overrightarrow c]| = |\overrightarrow a \cdot (\overrightarrow b \times \overrightarrow c)|V=∣[abc]∣=∣a⋅(b×c)∣

  3. Use the determinant property of the scalar triple product: It is often easier to work with the square of the volume, V2V^2V2. The square of the scalar triple product can be expressed as a determinant involving the dot products of the vectors: V2=[a→ b→ c→]2=∣a→⋅a→a→⋅b→a→⋅c→b→⋅a→b→⋅b→b→⋅c→c→⋅a→c→⋅b→c→⋅c→∣V^2 = [\overrightarrow a \,\overrightarrow b \,\overrightarrow c]^2 = \begin{vmatrix} \overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow a & \overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b & \overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow c \\ \overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow a & \overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow b & \overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow c \\ \overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow a & \overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow b & \overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow c \end{vmatrix}V2=[abc]2=​a⋅ab⋅ac⋅a​a⋅bb⋅bc⋅b​a⋅cb⋅cc⋅c​​

  4. Substitute the given values into the determinant:

    • From ∣a→∣=∣b→∣=∣c→∣=1|\overrightarrow a| = |\overrightarrow b| = |\overrightarrow c| = 1∣a∣=∣b∣=∣c∣=1, we get:
      • a→⋅a→=∣a→∣2=12=1\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow a = |\overrightarrow a|^2 = 1^2 = 1a⋅a=∣a∣2=12=1
      • b→⋅b→=∣b→∣2=12=1\overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow b = |\overrightarrow b|^2 = 1^2 = 1b⋅b=∣b∣2=12=1
      • c→⋅c→=∣c→∣2=12=1\overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow c = |\overrightarrow c|^2 = 1^2 = 1c⋅c=∣c∣2=12=1
    • The cross dot products are given: a→⋅b→=b→⋅c→=c→⋅a→=12\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow c = \overrightarrow c \cdot \overrightarrow a = {1 \over 2}a⋅b=b⋅c=c⋅a=21​.
    • Since the dot product is commutative, b→⋅a→=a→⋅b→\overrightarrow b \cdot \overrightarrow a = \overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow bb⋅a=a⋅b, etc.

    Substituting these values into the determinant for V2V^2V2: V2=∣11/21/21/211/21/21/21∣V^2 = \begin{vmatrix} 1 & 1/2 & 1/2 \\ 1/2 & 1 & 1/2 \\ 1/2 & 1/2 & 1 \end{vmatrix}V2=​11/21/2​1/211/2​1/21/21​​

  5. Calculate the determinant: We expand the determinant along the first row: V2=1∣11/21/21∣−12∣1/21/21/21∣+12∣1/211/21/2∣V^2 = 1 \begin{vmatrix} 1 & 1/2 \\ 1/2 & 1 \end{vmatrix} - {1 \over 2} \begin{vmatrix} 1/2 & 1/2 \\ 1/2 & 1 \end{vmatrix} + {1 \over 2} \begin{vmatrix} 1/2 & 1 \\ 1/2 & 1/2 \end{vmatrix}V2=1​11/2​1/21​​−21​​1/21/2​1/21​​+21​​1/21/2​11/2​​ V2=1(1⋅1−12⋅12)−12(12⋅1−12⋅12)+12(12⋅12−1⋅12)V^2 = 1(1 \cdot 1 - {1 \over 2} \cdot {1 \over 2}) - {1 \over 2}({1 \over 2} \cdot 1 - {1 \over 2} \cdot {1 \over 2}) + {1 \over 2}({1 \over 2} \cdot {1 \over 2} - 1 \cdot {1 \over 2})V2=1(1⋅1−21​⋅21​)−21​(21​⋅1−21​⋅21​)+21​(21​⋅21​−1⋅21​) V2=1(1−14)−12(12−14)+12(14−12)V^2 = 1(1 - {1 \over 4}) - {1 \over 2}({1 \over 2} - {1 \over 4}) + {1 \over 2}({1 \over 4} - {1 \over 2})V2=1(1−41​)−21​(21​−41​)+21​(41​−21​) V2=1(34)−12(14)+12(−14)V^2 = 1({3 \over 4}) - {1 \over 2}({1 \over 4}) + {1 \over 2}(-{1 \over 4})V2=1(43​)−21​(41​)+21​(−41​) V2=34−18−18V^2 = {3 \over 4} - {1 \over 8} - {1 \over 8}V2=43​−81​−81​ V2=34−28=34−14V^2 = {3 \over 4} - {2 \over 8} = {3 \over 4} - {1 \over 4}V2=43​−82​=43​−41​ V2=24=12V^2 = {2 \over 4} = {1 \over 2}V2=42​=21​

  6. Find the volume V: Since V2=12V^2 = {1 \over 2}V2=21​, the volume V is the positive square root: V=12=12V = \sqrt{{1 \over 2}} = {1 \over \sqrt{2}}V=21​​=2​1​

  7. Conclusion: The volume of the parallelopiped is 1/21/\sqrt{2}1/2​. This corresponds to option A.

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