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Vector Algebra question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q25
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Vector Algebra question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q25

JEE AdvancedMathematicsVector AlgebraNumerical+4 / −1
For any two points MMM and NNN in the XYXYXY-plane, let MN→\overrightarrow{MN}MN denote the vector from MMM to NNN, and 0⃗\vec{0}0 denote the zero vector. Let P,QP, QP,Q and RRR be three distinct points in the XYXYXY-plane. Let SSS be a point inside the triangle △PQR\triangle PQR△PQR such that SP→+5  SQ→+6  SR→=0⃗.\overrightarrow{SP} + 5\; \overrightarrow{SQ} + 6\; \overrightarrow{SR} = \vec{0}.SP+5SQ​+6SR=0. Let EEE and FFF be the mid-points of the sides PRPRPR and QRQRQR, respectively. Then the value of  length of the line segment EF length of the line segment ES\frac{\text { length of the line segment } E F}{\text { length of the line segment } E S} length of the line segment ES length of the line segment EF​ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 1.15TO1.25

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Represent the points using position vectors. Let the origin be denoted by OOO. The position vectors of the points P,Q,R,P, Q, R,P,Q,R, and SSS with respect to OOO are p⃗,q⃗,r⃗,\vec{p}, \vec{q}, \vec{r},p​,q​,r, and s⃗\vec{s}s respectively. The vector from point MMM to point NNN is given by MN→=n⃗−m⃗\overrightarrow{MN} = \vec{n} - \vec{m}MN=n−m.

  2. Use the given vector equation to find the position vector of S. The given relation is: SP→+5  SQ→+6  SR→=0⃗\overrightarrow{SP} + 5\; \overrightarrow{SQ} + 6\; \overrightarrow{SR} = \vec{0}SP+5SQ​+6SR=0 We can express the vectors SP→,SQ→,\overrightarrow{SP}, \overrightarrow{SQ},SP,SQ​, and SR→\overrightarrow{SR}SR in terms of position vectors: SP→=p⃗−s⃗\overrightarrow{SP} = \vec{p} - \vec{s}SP=p​−s SQ→=q⃗−s⃗\overrightarrow{SQ} = \vec{q} - \vec{s}SQ​=q​−s SR→=r⃗−s⃗\overrightarrow{SR} = \vec{r} - \vec{s}SR=r−s

    Substituting these into the given equation: (p⃗−s⃗)+5(q⃗−s⃗)+6(r⃗−s⃗)=0⃗(\vec{p} - \vec{s}) + 5(\vec{q} - \vec{s}) + 6(\vec{r} - \vec{s}) = \vec{0}(p​−s)+5(q​−s)+6(r−s)=0 p⃗−s⃗+5q⃗−5s⃗+6r⃗−6s⃗=0⃗\vec{p} - \vec{s} + 5\vec{q} - 5\vec{s} + 6\vec{r} - 6\vec{s} = \vec{0}p​−s+5q​−5s+6r−6s=0 p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗−12s⃗=0⃗\vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r} - 12\vec{s} = \vec{0}p​+5q​+6r−12s=0 Solving for s⃗\vec{s}s: 12s⃗=p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗12\vec{s} = \vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r}12s=p​+5q​+6r s⃗=p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗12\vec{s} = \frac{\vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r}}{12}s=12p​+5q​+6r​

  3. Find the position vectors of the mid-points E and F. EEE is the mid-point of the side PRPRPR. Using the mid-point formula, the position vector of EEE, denoted by e⃗\vec{e}e, is: e⃗=p⃗+r⃗2\vec{e} = \frac{\vec{p} + \vec{r}}{2}e=2p​+r​ FFF is the mid-point of the side QRQRQR. The position vector of FFF, denoted by f⃗\vec{f}f​, is: f⃗=q⃗+r⃗2\vec{f} = \frac{\vec{q} + \vec{r}}{2}f​=2q​+r​

  4. Determine the vectors for the line segments EF and ES. The vector for the line segment EFEFEF is EF→\overrightarrow{EF}EF: EF→=f⃗−e⃗=(q⃗+r⃗2)−(p⃗+r⃗2)=q⃗+r⃗−p⃗−r⃗2=q⃗−p⃗2\overrightarrow{EF} = \vec{f} - \vec{e} = \left(\frac{\vec{q} + \vec{r}}{2}\right) - \left(\frac{\vec{p} + \vec{r}}{2}\right) = \frac{\vec{q} + \vec{r} - \vec{p} - \vec{r}}{2} = \frac{\vec{q} - \vec{p}}{2}EF=f​−e=(2q​+r​)−(2p​+r​)=2q​+r−p​−r​=2q​−p​​ The vector for the line segment ESESES is ES→\overrightarrow{ES}ES: ES→=s⃗−e⃗=(p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗12)−(p⃗+r⃗2)\overrightarrow{ES} = \vec{s} - \vec{e} = \left(\frac{\vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r}}{12}\right) - \left(\frac{\vec{p} + \vec{r}}{2}\right)ES=s−e=(12p​+5q​+6r​)−(2p​+r​) To subtract, we find a common denominator: ES→=p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗12−6(p⃗+r⃗)12=p⃗+5q⃗+6r⃗−6p⃗−6r⃗12\overrightarrow{ES} = \frac{\vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r}}{12} - \frac{6(\vec{p} + \vec{r})}{12} = \frac{\vec{p} + 5\vec{q} + 6\vec{r} - 6\vec{p} - 6\vec{r}}{12}ES=12p​+5q​+6r​−126(p​+r)​=12p​+5q​+6r−6p​−6r​ ES→=−5p⃗+5q⃗12=5(q⃗−p⃗)12\overrightarrow{ES} = \frac{-5\vec{p} + 5\vec{q}}{12} = \frac{5(\vec{q} - \vec{p})}{12}ES=12−5p​+5q​​=125(q​−p​)​

  5. Calculate the lengths of the line segments EF and ES. The length of a line segment is the magnitude of its corresponding vector. Length of EF=∣EF→∣=∣q⃗−p⃗2∣=12∣q⃗−p⃗∣EF = |\overrightarrow{EF}| = \left|\frac{\vec{q} - \vec{p}}{2}\right| = \frac{1}{2}|\vec{q} - \vec{p}|EF=∣EF∣=​2q​−p​​​=21​∣q​−p​∣ Length of ES=∣ES→∣=∣5(q⃗−p⃗)12∣=512∣q⃗−p⃗∣ES = |\overrightarrow{ES}| = \left|\frac{5(\vec{q} - \vec{p})}{12}\right| = \frac{5}{12}|\vec{q} - \vec{p}|ES=∣ES∣=​125(q​−p​)​​=125​∣q​−p​∣

  6. Compute the required ratio. The ratio is  length of the line segment EF length of the line segment ES\frac{\text { length of the line segment } EF}{\text { length of the line segment } ES} length of the line segment ES length of the line segment EF​. length(EF)length(ES)=∣EF→∣∣ES→∣=12∣q⃗−p⃗∣512∣q⃗−p⃗∣\frac{\text{length}(EF)}{\text{length}(ES)} = \frac{|\overrightarrow{EF}|}{|\overrightarrow{ES}|} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}|\vec{q} - \vec{p}|}{\frac{5}{12}|\vec{q} - \vec{p}|}length(ES)length(EF)​=∣ES∣∣EF∣​=125​∣q​−p​∣21​∣q​−p​∣​ Since PPP and QQQ are distinct points, ∣q⃗−p⃗∣≠0|\vec{q} - \vec{p}| \neq 0∣q​−p​∣=0, so we can cancel this term. length(EF)length(ES)=1/25/12=12×125=1210=65=1.2\frac{\text{length}(EF)}{\text{length}(ES)} = \frac{1/2}{5/12} = \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{12}{5} = \frac{12}{10} = \frac{6}{5} = 1.2length(ES)length(EF)​=5/121/2​=21​×512​=1012​=56​=1.2

Thus, the value of the ratio is 1.2.

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