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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2011 · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2011 · Shift 1 · Q27

Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2011 · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE AdvancedMathematicsQuadratic Equation and InequalitiesMCQ+4 / −1
Let α\alphaα and β\betaβ be the roots of x2−6x−2=0,{x^2} - 6x - 2 = 0,x2−6x−2=0, with α>β.\alpha \gt \beta .α>β. If an=αn−βn{a_n} = {\alpha ^n} - {\beta ^n}an​=αn−βn for  n≥1\,n \ge 1n≥1 then the value of a10−2a82a9{{{a_{10}} - 2{a_8}} \over {2{a_9}}}2a9​a10​−2a8​​ is
  1. A
    1
  2. B
    2
  3. C
    3
  4. D
    4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

Step-by-step Solution:

  1. Analyze the given information. We are given the quadratic equation x2−6x−2=0{x^2} - 6x - 2 = 0x2−6x−2=0. Let its roots be α\alphaα and β\betaβ, with the condition α>β\alpha > \betaα>β. A sequence an{a_n}an​ is defined as an=αn−βn{a_n} = {\alpha ^n} - {\beta ^n}an​=αn−βn for  n≥1\,n \ge 1n≥1. We need to find the value of the expression a10−2a82a9{{{a_{10}} - 2{a_8}} \over {2{a_9}}}2a9​a10​−2a8​​.

  2. Use the properties of the roots. Since α\alphaα and β\betaβ are the roots of the equation x2−6x−2=0{x^2} - 6x - 2 = 0x2−6x−2=0, they must satisfy the equation. Therefore: α2−6α−2=0  ⟹  α2=6α+2{\alpha^2} - 6\alpha - 2 = 0 \quad \implies \quad {\alpha^2} = 6\alpha + 2α2−6α−2=0⟹α2=6α+2 β2−6β−2=0  ⟹  β2=6β+2{\beta^2} - 6\beta - 2 = 0 \quad \implies \quad {\beta^2} = 6\beta + 2β2−6β−2=0⟹β2=6β+2

  3. Establish a recurrence relation for the sequence ana_nan​. From the relations in step 2, we can derive a general recurrence. Multiply the first equation by αn−2{\alpha^{n-2}}αn−2 (for n≥2n \ge 2n≥2): αn−2(α2−6α−2)=0  ⟹  αn−6αn−1−2αn−2=0{\alpha^{n-2}}({\alpha^2} - 6\alpha - 2) = 0 \implies {\alpha^n} - 6{\alpha^{n-1}} - 2{\alpha^{n-2}} = 0αn−2(α2−6α−2)=0⟹αn−6αn−1−2αn−2=0   ⟹  αn=6αn−1+2αn−2\implies {\alpha^n} = 6{\alpha^{n-1}} + 2{\alpha^{n-2}}⟹αn=6αn−1+2αn−2 Similarly, for the root β\betaβ: βn=6βn−1+2βn−2{\beta^n} = 6{\beta^{n-1}} + 2{\beta^{n-2}}βn=6βn−1+2βn−2 Now, let's use the definition of an{a_n}an​: an=αn−βna_n = {\alpha^n} - {\beta^n}an​=αn−βn an=(6αn−1+2αn−2)−(6βn−1+2βn−2)a_n = (6{\alpha^{n-1}} + 2{\alpha^{n-2}}) - (6{\beta^{n-1}} + 2{\beta^{n-2}})an​=(6αn−1+2αn−2)−(6βn−1+2βn−2) an=6(αn−1−βn−1)+2(αn−2−βn−2)a_n = 6({\alpha^{n-1}} - {\beta^{n-1}}) + 2({\alpha^{n-2}} - {\beta^{n-2}})an​=6(αn−1−βn−1)+2(αn−2−βn−2) an=6an−1+2an−2a_n = 6{a_{n-1}} + 2{a_{n-2}}an​=6an−1​+2an−2​ This recurrence relation is valid for n≥3n \ge 3n≥3 (or n≥2n \ge 2n≥2 if we define a0=0a_0 = 0a0​=0).

  4. Apply the recurrence relation to the expression. The expression we need to evaluate is a10−2a82a9{{{a_{10}} - 2{a_8}} \over {2{a_9}}}2a9​a10​−2a8​​. From the recurrence relation an=6an−1+2an−2a_n = 6{a_{n-1}} + 2{a_{n-2}}an​=6an−1​+2an−2​, we can rearrange it as: an−2an−2=6an−1a_n - 2{a_{n-2}} = 6{a_{n-1}}an​−2an−2​=6an−1​ Let's substitute n=10n = 10n=10 into this rearranged relation: a10−2a10−2=6a10−1{a_{10}} - 2{a_{10-2}} = 6{a_{10-1}}a10​−2a10−2​=6a10−1​ a10−2a8=6a9{a_{10}} - 2{a_8} = 6{a_9}a10​−2a8​=6a9​

  5. Substitute the result back into the original expression. Now we can substitute the value of the numerator we found in the previous step: a10−2a82a9=6a92a9{{{a_{10}} - 2{a_8}} \over {2{a_9}}} = {{6{a_9}} \over {2{a_9}}}2a9​a10​−2a8​​=2a9​6a9​​

  6. Simplify to find the final answer. Assuming a9≠0{a_9} \neq 0a9​=0, we can cancel the term a9{a_9}a9​ from the numerator and denominator. 6a92a9=62=3{{6{a_9}} \over {2{a_9}}} = {6 \over 2} = 32a9​6a9​​=26​=3 (We can verify that a9≠0a_9 \neq 0a9​=0. The roots are x=3±11x = 3 \pm \sqrt{11}x=3±11​. So α=3+11>0\alpha = 3 + \sqrt{11} > 0α=3+11​>0 and β=3−11<0\beta = 3 - \sqrt{11} < 0β=3−11​<0. Then a9=α9−β9>0−(negative)>0a_9 = \alpha^9 - \beta^9 > 0 - (\text{negative}) > 0a9​=α9−β9>0−(negative)>0).

Alternative Method

  1. Substitute the definition of ana_nan​ directly. a10−2a82a9=(α10−β10)−2(α8−β8)2(α9−β9){{{a_{10}} - 2{a_8}} \over {2{a_9}}} = {{(\alpha^{10} - \beta^{10}) - 2(\alpha^8 - \beta^8)} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}}2a9​a10​−2a8​​=2(α9−β9)(α10−β10)−2(α8−β8)​

  2. Rearrange the terms in the numerator. =(α10−2α8)−(β10−2β8)2(α9−β9)= {{(\alpha^{10} - 2\alpha^8) - (\beta^{10} - 2\beta^8)} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}}=2(α9−β9)(α10−2α8)−(β10−2β8)​ =α8(α2−2)−β8(β2−2)2(α9−β9)= {{\alpha^8(\alpha^2 - 2) - \beta^8(\beta^2 - 2)} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}}=2(α9−β9)α8(α2−2)−β8(β2−2)​

  3. Use the root property. From Step 2 of the first method, we have: α2−6α−2=0  ⟹  α2−2=6α{\alpha^2} - 6\alpha - 2 = 0 \implies {\alpha^2} - 2 = 6\alphaα2−6α−2=0⟹α2−2=6α β2−6β−2=0  ⟹  β2−2=6β{\beta^2} - 6\beta - 2 = 0 \implies {\beta^2} - 2 = 6\betaβ2−6β−2=0⟹β2−2=6β

  4. Substitute these back into the expression. =α8(6α)−β8(6β)2(α9−β9)= {{\alpha^8(6\alpha) - \beta^8(6\beta)} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}}=2(α9−β9)α8(6α)−β8(6β)​ =6α9−6β92(α9−β9)= {{6\alpha^9 - 6\beta^9} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}}=2(α9−β9)6α9−6β9​

  5. Simplify. =6(α9−β9)2(α9−β9)=62=3= {{6(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)} \over {2(\alpha^9 - \beta^9)}} = {6 \over 2} = 3=2(α9−β9)6(α9−β9)​=26​=3

Both methods yield the same result.

Final Answer: The value of the expression is 3.

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