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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q17
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  5. /2025 · Shift 1 · Q17

Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q17

JEE AdvancedMathematicsQuadratic Equation and InequalitiesMCQ+3 / −1
Let R\mathbb{R}R denote the set of all real numbers. Let ai,bi∈Ra_i, b_i \in \mathbb{R}ai​,bi​∈R for i∈{1,2,3}i \in \{1, 2, 3\}i∈{1,2,3}. Define the functions f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}f:R→R, g:R→Rg: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}g:R→R, and h:R→Rh: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}h:R→R by f(x)=a1+10x+a2x2+a3x3+x4g(x)=b1+3x+b2x2+b3x3+x4h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2)f(x) = a_1 + 10x + a_2 x^2 + a_3 x^3 + x^4g(x) = b_1 + 3x + b_2 x^2 + b_3 x^3 + x^4h(x) = f(x + 1) - g(x + 2)f(x)=a1​+10x+a2​x2+a3​x3+x4g(x)=b1​+3x+b2​x2+b3​x3+x4h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2) If f(x)eqg(x)f(x) eq g(x)f(x)eqg(x) for every x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}x∈R, then the coefficient of x3x^3x3 in h(x)h(x)h(x) is
  1. A
    8
  2. B
    2
  3. C
    -4
  4. D
    -6
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

We are given:

f(x)=a1+10x+a2x2+a3x3+x4f(x)=a_1+10x+a_2x^2+a_3x^3+x^4f(x)=a1​+10x+a2​x2+a3​x3+x4 g(x)=b1+3x+b2x2+b3x3+x4g(x)=b_1+3x+b_2x^2+b_3x^3+x^4g(x)=b1​+3x+b2​x2+b3​x3+x4 h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2)h(x)=f(x+1)-g(x+2)h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2)

We need the coefficient of x3x^3x3 in h(x)h(x)h(x).

Also, f(x)≠g(x)f(x)\ne g(x)f(x)=g(x) for every x∈Rx\in\mathbb Rx∈R.


1. Use the condition f(x)≠g(x)f(x)\ne g(x)f(x)=g(x) for every real xxx

Consider

f(x)−g(x)=(a1−b1)+7x+(a2−b2)x2+(a3−b3)x3f(x)-g(x)=(a_1-b_1)+7x+(a_2-b_2)x^2+(a_3-b_3)x^3f(x)−g(x)=(a1​−b1​)+7x+(a2​−b2​)x2+(a3​−b3​)x3

because the x4x^4x4 terms cancel.

So f(x)−g(x)f(x)-g(x)f(x)−g(x) is a cubic polynomial with coefficient of xxx equal to 777.

Since f(x)≠g(x)f(x)\ne g(x)f(x)=g(x) for every real xxx, the polynomial f(x)−g(x)f(x)-g(x)f(x)−g(x) has no real root.

But any real polynomial of odd degree must have at least one real root. Hence this cubic cannot actually be degree 333.

So the coefficient of x3x^3x3 must be 000:

(a3−b3)=0(a_3-b_3)=0(a3​−b3​)=0

Similarly, if it were degree 111, it would also have a real root. Since coefficient of xxx is already 7≠07\ne 07=0, the polynomial must be of degree 222.

Therefore,

(a3−b3)=0(a_3-b_3)=0(a3​−b3​)=0

and the quadratic

(a2−b2)x2+7x+(a1−b1)(a_2-b_2)x^2+7x+(a_1-b_1)(a2​−b2​)x2+7x+(a1​−b1​)

has no real root. Thus its discriminant is negative:

49−4(a2−b2)(a1−b1)<049-4(a_2-b_2)(a_1-b_1)<049−4(a2​−b2​)(a1​−b1​)<0

This only confirms it is indeed a quadratic with no real roots; in particular,

a2−b2≠0a_2-b_2\ne 0a2​−b2​=0

But for our required coefficient, the key result is:

a3=b3a_3=b_3a3​=b3​


2. Find the coefficient of x3x^3x3 in f(x+1)f(x+1)f(x+1)

Expand:

f(x+1)=a1+10(x+1)+a2(x+1)2+a3(x+1)3+(x+1)4f(x+1)=a_1+10(x+1)+a_2(x+1)^2+a_3(x+1)^3+(x+1)^4f(x+1)=a1​+10(x+1)+a2​(x+1)2+a3​(x+1)3+(x+1)4

We only track the x3x^3x3 coefficient:

  • From a1a_1a1​: contributes 000
  • From 10(x+1)10(x+1)10(x+1): contributes 000
  • From a2(x+1)2a_2(x+1)^2a2​(x+1)2: contributes 000
  • From a3(x+1)3a_3(x+1)^3a3​(x+1)3: contributes a3a_3a3​
  • From (x+1)4=x4+4x3+6x2+4x+1(x+1)^4 = x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+1(x+1)4=x4+4x3+6x2+4x+1: contributes 444

So coefficient of x3x^3x3 in f(x+1)f(x+1)f(x+1) is

a3+4a_3+4a3​+4


3. Find the coefficient of x3x^3x3 in g(x+2)g(x+2)g(x+2)

Expand:

g(x+2)=b1+3(x+2)+b2(x+2)2+b3(x+2)3+(x+2)4g(x+2)=b_1+3(x+2)+b_2(x+2)^2+b_3(x+2)^3+(x+2)^4g(x+2)=b1​+3(x+2)+b2​(x+2)2+b3​(x+2)3+(x+2)4

Again track only the x3x^3x3 coefficient:

  • From b1b_1b1​: contributes 000
  • From 3(x+2)3(x+2)3(x+2): contributes 000
  • From b2(x+2)2b_2(x+2)^2b2​(x+2)2: contributes 000
  • From b3(x+2)3b_3(x+2)^3b3​(x+2)3: contributes b3b_3b3​
  • From (x+2)4(x+2)^4(x+2)4: since (x+2)4=x4+8x3+24x2+32x+16(x+2)^4=x^4+8x^3+24x^2+32x+16(x+2)4=x4+8x3+24x2+32x+16 it contributes 888

So coefficient of x3x^3x3 in g(x+2)g(x+2)g(x+2) is

b3+8b_3+8b3​+8


4. Coefficient of x3x^3x3 in h(x)h(x)h(x)

Since

h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2),h(x)=f(x+1)-g(x+2),h(x)=f(x+1)−g(x+2),

its x3x^3x3 coefficient is

(a3+4)−(b3+8)=a3−b3−4(a_3+4)-(b_3+8)=a_3-b_3-4(a3​+4)−(b3​+8)=a3​−b3​−4

Using a3=b3a_3=b_3a3​=b3​,

a3−b3−4=−4a_3-b_3-4=-4a3​−b3​−4=−4

So the coefficient of x3x^3x3 in h(x)h(x)h(x) is

−4\boxed{-4}−4​


5. Match with options

The correct option is:

C: −4\boxed{\text{C: }-4}C: −4​


6. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C

Our derived answer: C

They match.

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