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Definite Integration question

2007 · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2007 · Shift 1 · Q27

Definite Integration question

2007 · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE AdvancedMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+3 / −1
lim⁡x→π4∫2sec⁡2xf(t) dtx2−π216\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {\pi \over 4}} {{\int\limits_2^{{{\sec }^2}x} {f(t)\,dt} } \over {{x^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}}}}x→4π​lim​x2−16π2​2∫sec2x​f(t)dt​ equal
  1. A
    8πf(2){8 \over \pi }f(2)π8​f(2)
  2. B
    2πf(2){2 \over \pi }f(2)π2​f(2)
  3. C
    2πf(12){2 \over \pi }f\left( {{1 \over 2}} \right)π2​f(21​)
  4. D
    4f(2)4f(2)4f(2)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

Step-by-step Solution:

The problem asks to evaluate the limit: L=lim⁡x→π4∫2sec⁡2xf(t) dtx2−π216L = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {\pi \over 4}} {{\int\limits_2^{{{\sec }^2}x} {f(t)\,dt} } \over {{x^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}}}}L=x→4π​lim​x2−16π2​2∫sec2x​f(t)dt​

Step 1: Identify the form of the limit

First, we evaluate the numerator and the denominator as x→π4x \to {\pi \over 4}x→4π​.

  • Denominator: D(x)=x2−π216D(x) = {x^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}}D(x)=x2−16π2​. As x→π4x \to {\pi \over 4}x→4π​, D(x)→(π4)2−π216=π216−π216=0D(x) \to {\left( {{\pi \over 4}} \right)^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}} = {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}} = 0D(x)→(4π​)2−16π2​=16π2​−16π2​=0.

  • Numerator: N(x)=∫2sec⁡2xf(t) dtN(x) = \int\limits_2^{{{\sec }^2}x} {f(t)\,dt}N(x)=2∫sec2x​f(t)dt. As x→π4x \to {\pi \over 4}x→4π​, the upper limit of the integral becomes sec⁡2(π4)=(2)2=2{\sec ^2}\left( {{\pi \over 4}} \right) = {\left( {\sqrt 2 } \right)^2} = 2sec2(4π​)=(2​)2=2. So, the integral becomes ∫22f(t) dt=0\int\limits_2^2 {f(t)\,dt} = 02∫2​f(t)dt=0.

Since both the numerator and the denominator approach 0, the limit is of the indeterminate form 00{0 \over 0}00​.

Step 2: Apply L'Hôpital's Rule

Since the limit is of the form 00{0 \over 0}00​, we can apply L'Hôpital's Rule, which states that if lim⁡x→ag(x)h(x)\lim_{x \to a} \frac{g(x)}{h(x)}limx→a​h(x)g(x)​ is of the form 00\frac{0}{0}00​ or ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty}∞∞​, then lim⁡x→ag(x)h(x)=lim⁡x→ag′(x)h′(x)\lim_{x \to a} \frac{g(x)}{h(x)} = \lim_{x \to a} \frac{g'(x)}{h'(x)}limx→a​h(x)g(x)​=limx→a​h′(x)g′(x)​, provided the latter limit exists.

L=lim⁡x→π4ddx(∫2sec⁡2xf(t) dt)ddx(x2−π216)L = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {\pi \over 4}} {{ {d \over dx} \left( \int\limits_2^{{{\sec }^2}x} {f(t)\,dt} \right) } \over { {d \over dx} \left( {{x^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}}} \right) }}L=x→4π​lim​dxd​(x2−16π2​)dxd​(2∫sec2x​f(t)dt)​

Step 3: Differentiate the denominator

The derivative of the denominator is: ddx(x2−π216)=2x{d \over dx} \left( {{x^2} - {{{\pi ^2}} \over {16}}} \right) = 2xdxd​(x2−16π2​)=2x

Step 4: Differentiate the numerator

To differentiate the numerator, we use the Leibniz integral rule (a consequence of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and the Chain Rule). If G(x)=∫au(x)f(t) dtG(x) = \int\limits_{a}^{u(x)} {f(t)\,dt}G(x)=a∫u(x)​f(t)dt, then G′(x)=f(u(x))⋅u′(x)G'(x) = f(u(x)) \cdot u'(x)G′(x)=f(u(x))⋅u′(x).

In our case, u(x)=sec⁡2xu(x) = \sec^2 xu(x)=sec2x. The derivative of u(x)u(x)u(x) is: u′(x)=ddx(sec⁡2x)=2sec⁡x⋅ddx(sec⁡x)=2sec⁡x(sec⁡xtan⁡x)=2sec⁡2xtan⁡xu'(x) = {d \over dx} (\sec^2 x) = 2 \sec x \cdot {d \over dx}(\sec x) = 2 \sec x (\sec x \tan x) = 2 \sec^2 x \tan xu′(x)=dxd​(sec2x)=2secx⋅dxd​(secx)=2secx(secxtanx)=2sec2xtanx So, the derivative of the numerator is: ddx(∫2sec⁡2xf(t) dt)=f(sec⁡2x)⋅(2sec⁡2xtan⁡x){d \over dx} \left( \int\limits_2^{{{\sec }^2}x} {f(t)\,dt} \right) = f(\sec^2 x) \cdot (2 \sec^2 x \tan x)dxd​(2∫sec2x​f(t)dt)=f(sec2x)⋅(2sec2xtanx)

Step 5: Evaluate the limit

Now, we substitute the derivatives back into the limit expression: L=lim⁡x→π4f(sec⁡2x)⋅(2sec⁡2xtan⁡x)2xL = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {\pi \over 4}} {{f(\sec^2 x) \cdot (2 \sec^2 x \tan x)} \over {2x}}L=x→4π​lim​2xf(sec2x)⋅(2sec2xtanx)​ Now, we can substitute x=π4x = {\pi \over 4}x=4π​ into the expression:

  • sec⁡2(π4)=(2)2=2\sec^2({\pi \over 4}) = (\sqrt{2})^2 = 2sec2(4π​)=(2​)2=2
  • tan⁡(π4)=1\tan({\pi \over 4}) = 1tan(4π​)=1

L=f(2)⋅(2⋅2⋅1)2⋅π4L = {{f(2) \cdot (2 \cdot 2 \cdot 1)} \over {2 \cdot {\pi \over 4}}}L=2⋅4π​f(2)⋅(2⋅2⋅1)​ L=4f(2)π2L = {{4f(2)} \over {{\pi \over 2}}}L=2π​4f(2)​ L=4f(2)⋅2πL = 4f(2) \cdot {2 \over \pi}L=4f(2)⋅π2​ L=8πf(2)L = {8 \over \pi}f(2)L=π8​f(2)

Comparing this result with the given options, we find that it matches option A.

Final Answer: The value of the limit is 8πf(2){8 \over \pi }f(2)π8​f(2).

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