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3D Geometry question

2018 · Shift 2 · Q30
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3D Geometry question

2018 · Shift 2 · Q30

JEE AdvancedMathematics3D GeometryNumerical+3 / −1
Let P be a point in the first octant, whose image Q in the plane x + y = 3 (that is, the line segment PQ is perpendicular to the plane x + y = 3 and the mid-point of PQ lies in the plane x + y = 3) lies on the Z-axis. Let the distance of P from the X-axis be 5. If R is the image of P in the XY-plane, then the length of PR is ...............
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 8

  1. Set coordinates of the point and its image

Let P=(x,y,z)P=(x,y,z)P=(x,y,z) with x,y,z>0x,y,z>0x,y,z>0 since PPP is in the first octant.

Its image QQQ in the plane x+y=3x+y=3x+y=3 is obtained by reflection across that plane.

We are given that QQQ lies on the ZZZ-axis, so Q=(0,0,q)Q=(0,0,q)Q=(0,0,q) for some qqq.


  1. Use reflection formula across the plane

The plane is x+y−3=0x+y-3=0x+y−3=0 with normal vector n⃗=(1,1,0).\vec n=(1,1,0).n=(1,1,0).

Reflection of point P=(x,y,z)P=(x,y,z)P=(x,y,z) in the plane x+y−3=0x+y-3=0x+y−3=0 is Q=P−2x+y−312+12(1,1,0).Q=P-2\frac{x+y-3}{1^2+1^2}(1,1,0).Q=P−212+12x+y−3​(1,1,0).

Since 12+12=21^2+1^2=212+12=2, this becomes Q=(x,y,z)−(x+y−3)(1,1,0).Q=(x,y,z)-(x+y-3)(1,1,0).Q=(x,y,z)−(x+y−3)(1,1,0).

So, Q=(x−(x+y−3), y−(x+y−3), z).Q=(x-(x+y-3),\ y-(x+y-3),\ z).Q=(x−(x+y−3), y−(x+y−3), z).

Hence, Q=(3−y, 3−x, z).Q=(3-y,\ 3-x,\ z).Q=(3−y, 3−x, z).

But QQQ lies on the ZZZ-axis, so its xxx- and yyy-coordinates are zero: 3−y=0,3−x=0.3-y=0, \quad 3-x=0.3−y=0,3−x=0. Thus, x=3,y=3.x=3,\quad y=3.x=3,y=3.

Therefore, P=(3,3,z).P=(3,3,z).P=(3,3,z).


  1. Use distance of PPP from the XXX-axis

Distance of a point (x,y,z)(x,y,z)(x,y,z) from the XXX-axis is y2+z2.\sqrt{y^2+z^2}.y2+z2​.

Given this distance is 555, 32+z2=5.\sqrt{3^2+z^2}=5.32+z2​=5. So, 9+z2=259+z^2=259+z2=25 z2=16z^2=16z2=16 Since PPP is in the first octant, z>0z>0z>0, hence z=4.z=4.z=4.

Therefore, P=(3,3,4).P=(3,3,4).P=(3,3,4).


  1. Find point RRR, the image of PPP in the XYXYXY-plane

Reflection in the XYXYXY-plane changes zzz to −z-z−z, so R=(3,3,−4).R=(3,3,-4).R=(3,3,−4).


  1. Compute PRPRPR

Distance between P=(3,3,4)P=(3,3,4)P=(3,3,4) and R=(3,3,−4)R=(3,3,-4)R=(3,3,−4) is PR=(3−3)2+(3−3)2+(4−(−4))2PR=\sqrt{(3-3)^2+(3-3)^2+(4-(-4))^2}PR=(3−3)2+(3−3)2+(4−(−4))2​ =0+0+82=8.=\sqrt{0+0+8^2}=8.=0+0+82​=8.


  1. Final answer

8\boxed{8}8​

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