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Coordination Compounds question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q4
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Coordination Compounds question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q4

JEE AdvancedChemistryCoordination CompoundsMCQ+3 / −1
Among the following options, select the option in which each complex in Set-I shows geometrical isomerism and the two complexes in Set-II are ionization isomers of each other.  [en =H2NCH2CH2NH2 ] \text { [en }=\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{NCH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2 \text { ] } [en =H2​NCH2​CH2​NH2​ ] 
  1. A
    Set-I: [Ni(CO)4]\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_4\right][Ni(CO)4​] and [PdCl2(PPh3)2]\left[\mathrm{PdCl}_2\left(\mathrm{PPh}_3\right)_2\right][PdCl2​(PPh3​)2​] Set-II: [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5 \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{SO}_4[Co(NH3​)5​Cl]SO4​ and [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]Cl\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)\right] \mathrm{Cl}[Co(NH3​)5​(SO4​)]Cl
  2. B
    Set-I: [Co(en)(NH3)2Cl2]\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2\right][Co(en)(NH3​)2​Cl2​] and [PdCl2(PPh3)2]\left[\mathrm{PdCl}_2\left(\mathrm{PPh}_3\right)_2\right][PdCl2​(PPh3​)2​] Set-II: [Co(NH3)6][Cr(CN)6]\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]\left[\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{CN})_6\right][Co(NH3​)6​][Cr(CN)6​] and [Cr(NH3)6][Co(CN)6]\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_6\right][Cr(NH3​)6​][Co(CN)6​]
  3. C
    Set-I: [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3]\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_3\left(\mathrm{NO}_2\right)_3\right][Co(NH3​)3​(NO2​)3​] and [Co(en)2Cl2]\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2\right][Co(en)2​Cl2​] Set-II: [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5 \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{SO}_4[Co(NH3​)5​Cl]SO4​ and [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]Cl\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)\right] \mathrm{Cl}[Co(NH3​)5​(SO4​)]Cl
  4. D
    Set-I: [Cr(NH3)5Cl]Cl2\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5 \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{Cl}_2[Cr(NH3​)5​Cl]Cl2​ and [Co(en)(NH3)2Cl2]\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2\right][Co(en)(NH3​)2​Cl2​] Set-II: [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_6\right] \mathrm{Cl}_3[Cr(H2​O)6​]Cl3​ and [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2⋅H2O\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_5 \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{Cl}_2 \cdot \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}[Cr(H2​O)5​Cl]Cl2​⋅H2​O
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

The user wants to identify the option that satisfies two conditions:

  1. Set-I: Each complex in the set must exhibit geometrical isomerism.
  2. Set-II: The pair of complexes must be ionization isomers of each other.

Let's analyze each option step-by-step.

Condition 1: Geometrical Isomerism

Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans, fac-mer) arises from different spatial arrangements of ligands. Key points to remember:

  • Tetrahedral complexes (Coordination Number = 4) do not show geometrical isomerism as all positions are equivalent.
  • Square planar complexes (CN = 4) of type Ma2b2Ma_2b_2Ma2​b2​ and Mabcd show geometrical isomerism.
  • Octahedral complexes (CN = 6) of type Ma6Ma_6Ma6​ and Ma5bMa_5bMa5​b do not show geometrical isomerism.
  • Octahedral complexes of type Ma4b2Ma_4b_2Ma4​b2​, Ma3b3Ma_3b_3Ma3​b3​, and M(AA)2b2M(AA)_2b_2M(AA)2​b2​ (where AA is a bidentate ligand) show geometrical isomerism.

Condition 2: Ionization Isomerism

Ionization isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but yield different ions in solution. This occurs when a ligand within the coordination sphere and a counter-ion outside the sphere are exchanged.

Evaluation of Options

Option A:

  • Set-I: [Ni(CO)4][Ni(CO)_4][Ni(CO)4​] and [PdCl2(PPh3)2][PdCl_2(PPh_3)_2][PdCl2​(PPh3​)2​].
    • [Ni(CO)4][Ni(CO)_4][Ni(CO)4​] has a tetrahedral geometry. Tetrahedral complexes do not exhibit geometrical isomerism.
    • Thus, Set-I does not satisfy the condition.
  • Conclusion: Option A is incorrect.

Option B:

  • Set-I: [Co(en)(NH3)2Cl2][Co(en)(NH_3)_2Cl_2][Co(en)(NH3​)2​Cl2​] and [PdCl2(PPh3)2][PdCl_2(PPh_3)_2][PdCl2​(PPh3​)2​].
    • [Co(en)(NH3)2Cl2][Co(en)(NH_3)_2Cl_2][Co(en)(NH3​)2​Cl2​] is an octahedral complex of the type M(AA)b2c2M(AA)b_2c_2M(AA)b2​c2​. The relative positions of the NH3NH_3NH3​ and Cl ligands can be different, leading to geometrical isomers.
    • [PdCl2(PPh3)2][PdCl_2(PPh_3)_2][PdCl2​(PPh3​)2​] is a square planar complex of the type Ma2b2Ma_2b_2Ma2​b2​. It shows cis-trans isomerism.
    • Set-I satisfies the condition.
  • Set-II: [Co(NH3)6][Cr(CN)6][Co(NH_3)_6][Cr(CN)_6][Co(NH3​)6​][Cr(CN)6​] and [Cr(NH3)6][Co(CN)6][Cr(NH_3)_6][Co(CN)_6][Cr(NH3​)6​][Co(CN)6​].
    • These isomers differ by the exchange of ligands between the cationic and anionic coordination entities. This is known as coordination isomerism, not ionization isomerism.
    • Thus, Set-II does not satisfy the condition.
  • Conclusion: Option B is incorrect.

Option C:

  • Set-I: [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3][Co(NH_3)_3(NO_2)_3][Co(NH3​)3​(NO2​)3​] and [Co(en)2Cl2][Co(en)_2Cl_2][Co(en)2​Cl2​].
    • [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3][Co(NH_3)_3(NO_2)_3][Co(NH3​)3​(NO2​)3​] is an octahedral complex of the type Ma3b3Ma_3b_3Ma3​b3​. It exhibits facial (fac) and meridional (mer) geometrical isomerism.
    • [Co(en)2Cl2][Co(en)_2Cl_2][Co(en)2​Cl2​] is an octahedral complex of the type M(AA)2b2M(AA)_2b_2M(AA)2​b2​. It exhibits cis-trans geometrical isomerism.
    • Set-I satisfies the condition.
  • Set-II: [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4[Co(NH_3)_5Cl]SO_4[Co(NH3​)5​Cl]SO4​ and [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]Cl[Co(NH_3)_5(SO_4)]Cl[Co(NH3​)5​(SO4​)]Cl.
    • The first complex ionizes to give [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+[Co(NH_3)_5Cl]^{2+}[Co(NH3​)5​Cl]2+ and SO42−SO_4^{2-}SO42−​ ions.
    • The second complex ionizes to give [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]+[Co(NH_3)_5(SO_4)]^+[Co(NH3​)5​(SO4​)]+ and Cl−Cl^-Cl− ions.
    • These have the same overall formula but produce different ions in solution due to the exchange of the ligand Cl−Cl^-Cl− and the counter-ion SO42−SO_4^{2-}SO42−​. They are a classic example of ionization isomers.
    • Set-II satisfies the condition.
  • Conclusion: Option C satisfies both conditions and is the correct answer.

Option D:

  • Set-I: [Cr(NH3)5Cl]Cl2[Cr(NH_3)_5Cl]Cl_2[Cr(NH3​)5​Cl]Cl2​ and [Co(en)(NH3)2Cl2][Co(en)(NH_3)_2Cl_2][Co(en)(NH3​)2​Cl2​].
    • [Cr(NH3)5Cl]Cl2[Cr(NH_3)_5Cl]Cl_2[Cr(NH3​)5​Cl]Cl2​ is an octahedral complex of the type Ma5bMa_5bMa5​b. It does not show geometrical isomerism as all positions for the five NH3NH_3NH3​ ligands are equivalent relative to the single Cl ligand.
    • Thus, Set-I does not satisfy the condition.
  • Conclusion: Option D is incorrect.
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