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Coordination Compounds question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q13
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Coordination Compounds question

2024 · Shift 1 · Q13

JEE AdvancedChemistryCoordination CompoundsNumerical+4 / −1
Among the following complexes, the total number of diamagnetic species is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. [Mn(NH3)6]3+,[MnCl6]3−,[FeF6]3−,[CoF6]3−,[Fe(NH3)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Mn}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+},\left[\mathrm{MnCl}_6\right]^{3-},\left[\mathrm{FeF}_6\right]^{3-},\left[\mathrm{CoF}_6\right]^{3-},\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}[Mn(NH3​)6​]3+,[MnCl6​]3−,[FeF6​]3−,[CoF6​]3−,[Fe(NH3​)6​]3+, and [Co(en)3]3+\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_3\right]^{3+}[Co(en)3​]3+[Given, atomic number: Mn=25,Fe=26,Co=27\mathrm{Mn}=25, \mathrm{Fe}=26, \mathrm{Co}=27Mn=25,Fe=26,Co=27;  en =H2NCH2CH2NH2]\text { en } \left.=\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{NCH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2\right] en =H2​NCH2​CH2​NH2​]
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 1

A complex is diamagnetic if it contains no unpaired electrons. To determine the magnetic properties of the given complexes, we need to find the number of unpaired electrons in the central metal ion for each complex using Crystal Field Theory.

We will analyze each complex step-by-step.

1. [Mn(NH3)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Mn}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}[Mn(NH3​)6​]3+

  • Oxidation state of Mn: Let the oxidation state be xxx. NH3\mathrm{NH}_3NH3​ is a neutral ligand. So, x+6(0)=+3  ⟹  x=+3x + 6(0) = +3 \implies x = +3x+6(0)=+3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}Mn3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The atomic number of Mn is 25. The configuration of Mn is [Ar]3d54s2[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^5 4s^2[Ar]3d54s2. For Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}Mn3+, the configuration is [Ar]3d4[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^4[Ar]3d4.
  • Ligand and Geometry: NH3\mathrm{NH}_3NH3​ is a strong field ligand. The coordination number is 6, so the geometry is octahedral. For a d4d^4d4 system with a strong field ligand, a low-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The four electrons fill the lower energy t2gt_{2g}t2g​ orbitals. The configuration is t2g4eg0t_{2g}^4 e_g^0t2g4​eg0​. This results in one pair of electrons and two unpaired electrons.
  • Magnetic property: Since there are unpaired electrons, the complex is paramagnetic.

2. [MnCl6]3−\left[\mathrm{MnCl}_6\right]^{3-}[MnCl6​]3−

  • Oxidation state of Mn: Let the oxidation state be xxx. Cl−\mathrm{Cl}^-Cl− has a charge of -1. So, x+6(−1)=−3  ⟹  x=+3x + 6(-1) = -3 \implies x = +3x+6(−1)=−3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}Mn3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The configuration of Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}Mn3+ is [Ar]3d4[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^4[Ar]3d4.
  • Ligand and Geometry: Cl−\mathrm{Cl}^-Cl− is a weak field ligand. The geometry is octahedral. For a d4d^4d4 system with a weak field ligand, a high-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The electrons occupy orbitals to maximize spin. The configuration is t2g3eg1t_{2g}^3 e_g^1t2g3​eg1​. This results in four unpaired electrons.
  • Magnetic property: The complex is paramagnetic.

3. [FeF6]3−\left[\mathrm{FeF}_6\right]^{3-}[FeF6​]3−

  • Oxidation state of Fe: Let the oxidation state be xxx. F−\mathrm{F}^-F− has a charge of -1. So, x+6(−1)=−3  ⟹  x=+3x + 6(-1) = -3 \implies x = +3x+6(−1)=−3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Fe3+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}Fe3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The atomic number of Fe is 26. The configuration of Fe is [Ar]3d64s2[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^6 4s^2[Ar]3d64s2. For Fe3+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}Fe3+, the configuration is [Ar]3d5[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^5[Ar]3d5.
  • Ligand and Geometry: F−\mathrm{F}^-F− is a weak field ligand. The geometry is octahedral. For a d5d^5d5 system with a weak field ligand, a high-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The configuration is t2g3eg2t_{2g}^3 e_g^2t2g3​eg2​. This results in five unpaired electrons.
  • Magnetic property: The complex is paramagnetic.

4. [CoF6]3−\left[\mathrm{CoF}_6\right]^{3-}[CoF6​]3−

  • Oxidation state of Co: Let the oxidation state be xxx. F−\mathrm{F}^-F− has a charge of -1. So, x+6(−1)=−3  ⟹  x=+3x + 6(-1) = -3 \implies x = +3x+6(−1)=−3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The atomic number of Co is 27. The configuration of Co is [Ar]3d74s2[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^7 4s^2[Ar]3d74s2. For Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+, the configuration is [Ar]3d6[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^6[Ar]3d6.
  • Ligand and Geometry: F−\mathrm{F}^-F− is a weak field ligand. The geometry is octahedral. For a d6d^6d6 system with a weak field ligand, a high-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The configuration is t2g4eg2t_{2g}^4 e_g^2t2g4​eg2​. This results in four unpaired electrons.
  • Magnetic property: The complex is paramagnetic.

5. [Fe(NH3)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}[Fe(NH3​)6​]3+

  • Oxidation state of Fe: Let the oxidation state be xxx. NH3\mathrm{NH}_3NH3​ is neutral. So, x+6(0)=+3  ⟹  x=+3x + 6(0) = +3 \implies x = +3x+6(0)=+3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Fe3+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}Fe3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The configuration of Fe3+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}Fe3+ is [Ar]3d5[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^5[Ar]3d5.
  • Ligand and Geometry: NH3\mathrm{NH}_3NH3​ is a strong field ligand. The geometry is octahedral. For a d5d^5d5 system with a strong field ligand, a low-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The configuration is t2g5eg0t_{2g}^5 e_g^0t2g5​eg0​. This results in one unpaired electron.
  • Magnetic property: The complex is paramagnetic.

6. [Co(en)3]3+\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_3\right]^{3+}[Co(en)3​]3+

  • Oxidation state of Co: Let the oxidation state be xxx. Ethylenediamine (en) is a neutral ligand. So, x+3(0)=+3  ⟹  x=+3x + 3(0) = +3 \implies x = +3x+3(0)=+3⟹x=+3. The metal ion is Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+.
  • Electronic configuration: The configuration of Co3+\mathrm{Co}^{3+}Co3+ is [Ar]3d6[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^6[Ar]3d6.
  • Ligand and Geometry: en is a strong field ligand. The geometry is octahedral. For a d6d^6d6 system with a strong field ligand, a low-spin complex is formed.
  • Electron filling: The six electrons pair up in the lower energy t2gt_{2g}t2g​ orbitals. The configuration is t2g6eg0t_{2g}^6 e_g^0t2g6​eg0​. This results in zero unpaired electrons.
  • Magnetic property: Since there are no unpaired electrons, the complex is diamagnetic.

Conclusion: Out of the six given complexes, only one, [Co(en)3]3+\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_3\right]^{3+}[Co(en)3​]3+, is diamagnetic. Therefore, the total number of diamagnetic species is 1.

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