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Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter question

2023 · Q137
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Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter question

2023 · Q137

NEETPhysicsDual Nature of Radiation and MatterMCQ+4 / −1

The minimum wavelength of XXX-rays produced by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of VVV volts is proportional to :

  1. A
    1V\frac{1}{V}V1​
  2. B
    1V\frac{1}{\sqrt{V}}V​1​
  3. C
    V2V^{2}V2
  4. D
    V\sqrt{V}V​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

The minimum wavelength, $\lambda_{\min}$, of X-rays produced by an electron can be determined using the equation derived from the energy of a photon and the energy given to an electron by an accelerating voltage, $V$.

The energy of a photon is given by $E = hc/\lambda$, where $h$ is Planck's constant, $c$ is the speed of light, and $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the photon.

When an electron is accelerated through a potential difference of $V$ volts, it gains kinetic energy equal to $eV$, where $e$ is the electron charge.

This energy is then converted into a photon's energy when the electron collides with a target in an X-ray tube, resulting in X-rays of wavelength $\lambda$. Setting the kinetic energy equal to the photon energy gives $eV = hc/\lambda$. Solving for $\lambda$ gives $\lambda = hc/(eV)$.

Therefore, the minimum wavelength (corresponding to the maximum energy photon produced when all the kinetic energy is converted into photon energy) is inversely proportional to the voltage, $V$.

Thus, $$\lambda_{\min} \propto 1/V$$.

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