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Structure of Atom question

2024 · Q118
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Structure of Atom question

2024 · Q118

NEETChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1

The energy of an electron in the ground state (n=1)\mathrm{(n=1)}(n=1) for He+\mathrm{He}^{+}He+ ion is −x J\mathrm{-x} \mathrm{~J}−x J, then that for an electron in (n=2)\mathrm{(n=2)}(n=2) state for Be3+\mathrm{Be}^{3+}Be3+ ion in J\mathrm{J}J is

  1. A
    −x-x−x
  2. B
    −x9-\frac{x}{9}−9x​
  3. C
    −4x-4 x−4x
  4. D
    −49x-\frac{4}{9} x−94​x
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

The energy levels of an electron in a hydrogen-like ion (an atom or ion with only one electron) can be quantified using the formula:

$$ E_n = -\frac{Z^2 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV}}{n^2} $$

where:

  • $ E_n $ is the energy of the electron in the nth energy level,
  • $ Z $ is the atomic number (number of protons) of the ion,
  • $ 13.6 \text{ eV} $ is the ionization energy of hydrogen,
  • $ n $ is the principal quantum number (the energy level).

Since we need to compare this across different ions in different energy states, let's plug in some numbers:

For $ \mathrm{He}^{+} $ (Helium ion):

  • $ Z = 2 $ (as helium has 2 protons)
  • $ n = 1 $ for ground state

$$ E_1 = -\frac{(2)^2 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV}}{1^2} = -4 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV} = -54.4 \text{ eV} $$

However, the problem gives the energy in joules, and it's given a constant $ x $. So, $ x = 54.4 \text{ eV} $ (converted to joules as needed).

Next, for the $ \mathrm{Be}^{3+} $ ion:

  • $ Z = 4 $ (as beryllium has 4 protons)
  • $ n = 2 $

$$ E_2 = -\frac{(4)^2 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV}}{2^2} = -\frac{16 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV}}{4} = -54.4 \text{ eV} $$

Since initially $ x = 54.4 \text{ eV} $ (or its equivalent in joules) for $$ \mathrm{He}^{+} \text{ at } n=1 $$, and now we have the same energy for $$ \mathrm{Be}^{3+} \text{ at } n=2 $$, the energy level in joules would also equate to $ x $, just at a different energy state and ion.

So, the answer is:

Option A: $ -x $.

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