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Properties of Matter question

2021 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q47
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  5. /2021 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q47

Properties of Matter question

2021 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q47

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
A raindrop with radius R = 0.2 mm falls from a cloud at a height h = 2000 m above the ground. Assume that the drop is spherical throughout its fall and the force of buoyance may be neglected, then the terminal speed attained by the raindrop is : [Density of water fw = 1000 kg m −-− 3 and Density of air fa = 1.2 kg m −-− 3, g = 10 m/s2, Coefficient of viscosity of air = 1.8 ×\times× 10 −-− 5 Nsm −-− 2]
  1. A
    250.6 ms −-− 1
  2. B
    43.56 ms −-− 1
  3. C
    4.94 ms −-− 1
  4. D
    14.4 ms −-− 1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given data
  • Radius of raindrop: R=0.2 mm=2×10−4 mR = 0.2\text{ mm} = 2 \times 10^{-4}\text{ m}R=0.2 mm=2×10−4 m
  • Density of water: ρw=1000 kg m−3\rho_w = 1000\,\text{kg m}^{-3}ρw​=1000kg m−3
  • Density of air: ρa=1.2 kg m−3\rho_a = 1.2\,\text{kg m}^{-3}ρa​=1.2kg m−3
  • Acceleration due to gravity: g=10 m s−2g = 10\,\text{m s}^{-2}g=10m s−2
  • Coefficient of viscosity of air: η=1.8×10−5 N s m−2\eta = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}\,\text{N s m}^{-2}η=1.8×10−5N s m−2
  • Height of cloud: h=2000 mh = 2000\text{ m}h=2000 m

The question asks for the terminal speed of the raindrop.


  1. Use Stokes' law for terminal velocity

For a small spherical drop, neglecting buoyancy as instructed, terminal velocity is given by

vt=2R2ρwg9ηv_t = \frac{2 R^2 \rho_w g}{9\eta}vt​=9η2R2ρw​g​

(If buoyancy were included, we would use ρw−ρa\rho_w - \rho_aρw​−ρa​, but the problem says to neglect buoyancy.)


  1. Substitute the values

First compute R2R^2R2:

R2=(2×10−4)2=4×10−8R^2 = (2 \times 10^{-4})^2 = 4 \times 10^{-8}R2=(2×10−4)2=4×10−8

Now,

vt=2×(4×10−8)×1000×109×1.8×10−5v_t = \frac{2 \times (4 \times 10^{-8}) \times 1000 \times 10}{9 \times 1.8 \times 10^{-5}}vt​=9×1.8×10−52×(4×10−8)×1000×10​

Simplify numerator:

2×4×10−8×1000×10=8×10−8×104=8×10−42 \times 4 \times 10^{-8} \times 1000 \times 10 = 8 \times 10^{-8} \times 10^4 = 8 \times 10^{-4}2×4×10−8×1000×10=8×10−8×104=8×10−4

Simplify denominator:

9×1.8×10−5=16.2×10−5=1.62×10−49 \times 1.8 \times 10^{-5} = 16.2 \times 10^{-5} = 1.62 \times 10^{-4}9×1.8×10−5=16.2×10−5=1.62×10−4

So,

vt=8×10−41.62×10−4=81.62≈4.94 m s−1v_t = \frac{8 \times 10^{-4}}{1.62 \times 10^{-4}} = \frac{8}{1.62} \approx 4.94\,\text{m s}^{-1}vt​=1.62×10−48×10−4​=1.628​≈4.94m s−1


  1. Check whether terminal speed is attainable within 2000 m

Since the question gives the cloud height, we should verify whether the drop can attain terminal speed before reaching the ground. For such a small drop, terminal speed is reached very quickly, so the given height is more than sufficient.

Thus the terminal speed is indeed

vt≈4.94 m s−1v_t \approx 4.94\,\text{m s}^{-1}vt​≈4.94m s−1


  1. Option matching
  • A: 250.6 m s−1250.6\,\text{m s}^{-1}250.6m s−1 ❌
  • B: 43.56 m s−143.56\,\text{m s}^{-1}43.56m s−1 ❌
  • C: 4.94 m s−14.94\,\text{m s}^{-1}4.94m s−1 ✅
  • D: 14.4 m s−114.4\,\text{m s}^{-1}14.4m s−1 ❌

Therefore, the correct option is:

C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

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