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Properties of Matter question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q52
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Properties of Matter question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
A capillary tube made of glass of radius 0.15 mm is dipped vertically in a beaker filled with methylene iodide (surface tension = 0.05 Nm–1, density = 667 kg m–3) which rises to height h in the tube. It is observed that the two tangents drawn from liquid-glass interfaces (from opp. sides of the capillary) make an angle of 60o with one another. Then h is close to (g = 10 ms–2)
  1. A
    0.049 m
  2. B
    0.087 m
  3. C
    0.137 m
  4. D
    0.172 m
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A: 0.049 M

  1. Capillary rise formula

For a liquid rising in a capillary tube,

h=2Tcos⁡θρgrh = \frac{2T\cos\theta}{\rho g r}h=ρgr2Tcosθ​

where:

  • T=0.05 N m−1T = 0.05\,\text{N m}^{-1}T=0.05N m−1
  • r=0.15 mm=1.5×10−4 mr = 0.15\,\text{mm} = 1.5\times 10^{-4}\,\text{m}r=0.15mm=1.5×10−4m
  • ρ=667 kg m−3\rho = 667\,\text{kg m}^{-3}ρ=667kg m−3
  • g=10 m s−2g = 10\,\text{m s}^{-2}g=10m s−2
  • θ\thetaθ = angle of contact
  1. Find the angle of contact

The two tangents drawn at the liquid-glass interfaces on opposite sides make an angle of 60∘60^\circ60∘ with each other.

For a capillary meniscus, each tangent makes an angle θ\thetaθ with the wall inside the liquid. By geometry, the angle between the two tangents is

180∘−2θ180^\circ - 2\theta180∘−2θ

Given,

180∘−2θ=60∘180^\circ - 2\theta = 60^\circ180∘−2θ=60∘

2θ=120∘2\theta = 120^\circ2θ=120∘

θ=60∘\theta = 60^\circθ=60∘

Hence,

cos⁡θ=cos⁡60∘=12\cos\theta = \cos 60^\circ = \frac{1}{2}cosθ=cos60∘=21​

  1. Substitute into the formula

h=2(0.05)(1/2)667×10×1.5×10−4h = \frac{2(0.05)(1/2)}{667\times 10\times 1.5\times 10^{-4}}h=667×10×1.5×10−42(0.05)(1/2)​

The numerator is:

2×0.05×12=0.052\times 0.05\times \frac{1}{2} = 0.052×0.05×21​=0.05

The denominator is:

667×10×1.5×10−4=6670×1.5×10−4=1.0005667\times 10\times 1.5\times 10^{-4} = 6670\times 1.5\times 10^{-4} = 1.0005667×10×1.5×10−4=6670×1.5×10−4=1.0005

Thus,

h=0.051.0005≈0.04997 mh = \frac{0.05}{1.0005} \approx 0.04997\,\text{m}h=1.00050.05​≈0.04997m

So,

h≈0.050 mh \approx 0.050\,\text{m}h≈0.050m

  1. Match with options

This is closest to:

Option A: 0.049 m0.049\,\text{m}0.049m

  1. Comparison with stored answer

The stored correct answer is B, but the calculation clearly gives A.

Therefore, the stored answer appears to be incorrect.

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