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Properties of Matter question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 2 · Q53
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Properties of Matter question

2020 · 4 Sep · Shift 2 · Q53

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
A cube of metal is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 4 GPa. The percentage change in the length of the side of the cube is close to : (Given bulk modulus of metal, B = 8 ×\times× 1010 Pa)
  1. A
    0.6
  2. B
    20
  3. C
    1.67
  4. D
    5
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Use bulk modulus relation

For hydrostatic pressure,

B=−ΔPΔV/VB = -\frac{\Delta P}{\Delta V/V}B=−ΔV/VΔP​

So the fractional change in volume is

ΔVV=−ΔPB\frac{\Delta V}{V} = -\frac{\Delta P}{B}VΔV​=−BΔP​

Given:

ΔP=4 GPa=4×109 Pa\Delta P = 4\,\text{GPa} = 4\times 10^9\,\text{Pa}ΔP=4GPa=4×109Pa B=8×1010 PaB = 8\times 10^{10}\,\text{Pa}B=8×1010Pa

Therefore,

∣ΔVV∣=4×1098×1010=120=0.05\left|\frac{\Delta V}{V}\right| = \frac{4\times 10^9}{8\times 10^{10}} = \frac{1}{20} = 0.05​VΔV​​=8×10104×109​=201​=0.05

So the percentage decrease in volume is

0.05×100=5%0.05\times 100 = 5\%0.05×100=5%

  1. Relate volume change to change in side length

Let the side of the cube be aaa. Then

V=a3V = a^3V=a3

For small changes,

ΔVV=3Δaa\frac{\Delta V}{V} = 3\frac{\Delta a}{a}VΔV​=3aΔa​

Hence,

Δaa=13ΔVV\frac{\Delta a}{a} = \frac{1}{3}\frac{\Delta V}{V}aΔa​=31​VΔV​

Taking magnitude,

∣Δaa∣=0.053=0.0167\left|\frac{\Delta a}{a}\right| = \frac{0.05}{3} = 0.0167​aΔa​​=30.05​=0.0167

So the percentage change in side length is

0.0167×100=1.67%0.0167\times 100 = 1.67\%0.0167×100=1.67%

  1. Match with options

The closest option is:

1.67\boxed{1.67}1.67​

So, Option C is correct.

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