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Magnetics question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 2 · Q87
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Magnetics question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 2 · Q87

JEE MainPhysicsMagneticsNumerical+4 / −1
The magnetic field at the centre of a wire loop formed by two semicircular wires of radii R1=2πmR_1=2 \pi \mathrm{m}R1​=2πm and R2=4πmR_2=4 \pi \mathrm{m}R2​=4πm, carrying current I=4 A\mathrm{I}=4 \mathrm{~A}I=4 A as per figure given below is α×10−7 T\alpha \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~T}α×10−7 T. The value of α\alphaα is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Centre O\mathrm{O}O is common for all segments) JEE Main 2024 (Online) 27th January Evening Shift Physics - Magnetic Effect of Current Question 49 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 1

  1. Magnetic field due to a semicircular arc

For a circular arc of angle θ\thetaθ at the centre,

B=μ0Iθ4πRB=\frac{\mu_0 I\theta}{4\pi R}B=4πRμ0​Iθ​

For a semicircle, θ=π\theta=\piθ=π, so

Bsemi=μ0I4RB_{\text{semi}}=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4R}Bsemi​=4Rμ0​I​
  1. Field due to straight radial segments

The two semicircles are connected by radial segments. At the common centre OOO, for any radial segment,

dB⃗∝dl⃗×r^d\vec B \propto d\vec l \times \hat rdB∝dl×r^

Since dl⃗d\vec ldl is along r^\hat rr^, the cross product is zero. Hence, the straight connecting parts produce no magnetic field at OOO.

  1. Net magnetic field at the centre

The current goes through the two semicircular arcs in opposite senses around the centre, so their magnetic fields at OOO are opposite.

Thus,

Bnet=∣μ0I4R1−μ0I4R2∣B_{\text{net}}=\left|\frac{\mu_0 I}{4R_1}-\frac{\mu_0 I}{4R_2}\right|Bnet​=​4R1​μ0​I​−4R2​μ0​I​​

Substitute R1=2π mR_1=2\pi\,\text{m}R1​=2πm, R2=4π mR_2=4\pi\,\text{m}R2​=4πm, I=4 AI=4\,\text{A}I=4A:

Bnet=μ0⋅44(12π−14π)B_{\text{net}}=\frac{\mu_0 \cdot 4}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2\pi}-\frac{1}{4\pi}\right)Bnet​=4μ0​⋅4​(2π1​−4π1​) Bnet=μ0(14π)B_{\text{net}}=\mu_0\left(\frac{1}{4\pi}\right)Bnet​=μ0​(4π1​)

Using

μ0=4π×10−7 T m/A\mu_0=4\pi\times 10^{-7}\,\text{T m/A}μ0​=4π×10−7T m/A

we get

Bnet=(4π×10−7)(14π)=10−7 TB_{\text{net}}=(4\pi\times 10^{-7})\left(\frac{1}{4\pi}\right)=10^{-7}\,\text{T}Bnet​=(4π×10−7)(4π1​)=10−7T

So,

B=1×10−7 TB=1\times 10^{-7}\,\text{T}B=1×10−7T

Hence,

α=1\alpha=1α=1
  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer is 333, but the magnetic field calculated from the standard semicircle formula is 1×10−7 T1\times 10^{-7}\,\text{T}1×10−7T.

So the stored answer appears to be incorrect unless the figure indicates both semicircles contribute in the same direction in a different current arrangement. For the usual loop made of two concentric semicircular arcs connected radially, the correct value is 111.

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