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Magnetics question

2019 · 12 Jan · Shift 1 · Q67
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Magnetics question

2019 · 12 Jan · Shift 1 · Q67

JEE MainPhysicsMagneticsMCQ+4 / −1
As shown in the figure, two infinitely long, identical wires are bent by 90o and placed in such a way that the segments LP and QM are along the x-axis, while segments PS and QN are parallel to the y-axis. If OP = OQ = 4cm, and the magnitude of the magnetic field at O is 10–4 T, and the two wires carry equal currents (see figure), the magnitude of the current in each wire and the direction of the magnetic field at O will be (μ\muμ 0 = 4 π×\pi \timesπ× 10–7 NA–2) : JEE Main 2019 (Online) 12th January Morning Slot Physics - Magnetic Effect of Current Question 169 English
  1. A
    40 A, perpendicular into the page
  2. B
    40 A, perpendicular out of the page
  3. C
    20 A, perpendicular into the page
  4. D
    40 A, perpendicular out of the page
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Interpret the geometry

    Two identical infinitely long wires are bent at right angles.

    • Wire 1 has horizontal part LPLPLP along the xxx-axis and vertical part PSPSPS parallel to yyy-axis.
    • Wire 2 has horizontal part QMQMQM along the xxx-axis and vertical part QNQNQN parallel to yyy-axis.
    • The point OOO lies on the xxx-axis such that OP=OQ=4 cm=0.04 m.OP = OQ = 4\text{ cm} = 0.04\text{ m}.OP=OQ=4 cm=0.04 m.

    From the standard bent-wire arrangement, the two bends are symmetrically placed about OOO, so the horizontal segments lie along the same line as OOO.

  2. Field due to horizontal segments at OOO

    For any small current element on the horizontal parts LPLPLP or QMQMQM, the vector from the element to OOO is along the same line as dl⃗d\vec ldl.

    Hence, dB⃗∝dl⃗×r^=0.d\vec B \propto d\vec l \times \hat r = 0.dB∝dl×r^=0.

    So, horizontal segments contribute zero magnetic field at OOO.

  3. Field due to each vertical semi-infinite segment

    Each vertical part (PSPSPS and QNQNQN) is a semi-infinite straight wire at perpendicular distance r=0.04 mr = 0.04\text{ m}r=0.04 m from OOO.

    Magnetic field at distance rrr due to a semi-infinite straight wire is Bsemi-inf=μ0I4πr.B_{\text{semi-inf}} = \frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}.Bsemi-inf​=4πrμ0​I​.

    Therefore, field due to one vertical segment at OOO is B1=μ0I4π(0.04).B_1 = \frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi (0.04)}.B1​=4π(0.04)μ0​I​.

  4. Net magnetic field at OOO

    By right-hand rule, the fields due to the two vertical segments are in the same perpendicular direction at OOO, so they add.

    Thus,

    = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi r}.$$ Given $$B_{\text{net}} = 10^{-4}\text{ T}.$$ So, $$10^{-4} = \frac{4\pi\times 10^{-7} \cdot I}{2\pi \cdot 0.04}.$$
  5. Solve for III

    Simplify: 10−4=4×10−7I0.08×π2π10^{-4} = \frac{4\times 10^{-7} I}{0.08}\times \frac{\pi}{2\pi}10−4=0.084×10−7I​×2ππ​ or directly, 10−4=4π×10−7I0.08πimes2?10^{-4} = \frac{4\pi\times 10^{-7} I}{0.08\pi imes 2}?10−4=0.08πimes24π×10−7I​?

    Better simplifying carefully:

    = \frac{2\times10^{-7} I}{0.04} = 5\times10^{-6} I.$$ Hence, $$10^{-4} = 5\times10^{-6} I$$ $$I = \frac{10^{-4}}{5\times10^{-6}} = 20\text{ A}.$$
  6. Direction of magnetic field

    Using the right-hand rule for the current directions shown in the figure, the magnetic fields due to both vertical segments at OOO are directed into the page. Hence the resultant field is also into the page.

  7. Match with options

    • Current in each wire =20 A= 20\text{ A}=20 A
    • Direction of magnetic field at OOO: perpendicular into the page

    Therefore, the correct option is: C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

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