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Magnetics question

2015 · Shift 0 · Q54
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Magnetics question

2015 · Shift 0 · Q54

JEE MainPhysicsMagneticsMCQ+4 / −1
Two long current carrying thin wires, both with current I,I,I, are held by insulating threads of length LLL and are in equilibrium as shown in the figure, with threads making an angle ′θ′'\theta '′θ′ with the vertical. If wires have mass λ\lambdaλ per unit-length then the value of III is : (g=gravitationalaccelerationg=gravitationalaccelerationg=gravitationalacceleration ) JEE Main 2015 (Offline) Physics - Magnetic Effect of Current Question 190 English
  1. A
    2πgLμ0tan⁡θ2\sqrt {{{\pi gL} \over {{\mu _0}}}\tan \theta }2μ0​πgL​tanθ​
  2. B
    πλgLμ0tan⁡θ\sqrt {{{\pi \lambda gL} \over {{\mu _0}}}\tan \theta }μ0​πλgL​tanθ​
  3. C
    sin⁡θπλgLμ0 cos⁡θ\sin \theta \sqrt {{{\pi \lambda gL} \over {{\mu _0}\,\cos \theta }}}sinθμ0​cosθπλgL​​
  4. D
    2sin⁡θπλgLμ0 cos⁡θ2\sin \theta \sqrt {{{\pi \lambda gL} \over {{\mu _0}\,\cos \theta }}}2sinθμ0​cosθπλgL​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Forces on each wire per unit length

Since the wires are long and parallel, each wire experiences:

  • magnetic repulsion due to the other wire,
  • weight due to its own mass,
  • tension in the thread.

Let the mass per unit length of each wire be λ\lambdaλ.

So, weight per unit length is w=λg.w=\lambda g.w=λg.

  1. Magnetic force per unit length between the two wires

For two long parallel wires separated by distance rrr and carrying current III each, Fmℓ=μ0I22πr.\frac{F_m}{\ell}=\frac{\mu_0 I^2}{2\pi r}.ℓFm​​=2πrμ0​I2​.

  1. Geometry of separation

Each thread has length LLL and makes angle θ\thetaθ with the vertical. So each wire is displaced horizontally by Lsin⁡θ.L\sin\theta.Lsinθ.

Hence separation between the two wires is r=2Lsin⁡θ.r=2L\sin\theta.r=2Lsinθ.

Therefore magnetic force per unit length becomes Fmℓ=μ0I22π(2Lsin⁡θ)=μ0I24πLsin⁡θ.\frac{F_m}{\ell}=\frac{\mu_0 I^2}{2\pi(2L\sin\theta)}=\frac{\mu_0 I^2}{4\pi L\sin\theta}.ℓFm​​=2π(2Lsinθ)μ0​I2​=4πLsinθμ0​I2​.

  1. Equilibrium condition

For equilibrium of each wire, resolve tension per unit length:

  • horizontal component balances magnetic force,
  • vertical component balances weight.

Thus, Tsin⁡θ=Fmℓ,T\sin\theta=\frac{F_m}{\ell},Tsinθ=ℓFm​​, Tcos⁡θ=λg.T\cos\theta=\lambda g.Tcosθ=λg.

Dividing, tan⁡θ=(Fm/ℓ)λg.\tan\theta=\frac{(F_m/\ell)}{\lambda g}.tanθ=λg(Fm​/ℓ)​.

Substitute Fm/ℓF_m/\ellFm​/ℓ: tan⁡θ=1λg⋅μ0I24πLsin⁡θ.\tan\theta=\frac{1}{\lambda g}\cdot \frac{\mu_0 I^2}{4\pi L\sin\theta}.tanθ=λg1​⋅4πLsinθμ0​I2​.

So, λgtan⁡θ=μ0I24πLsin⁡θ.\lambda g\tan\theta=\frac{\mu_0 I^2}{4\pi L\sin\theta}.λgtanθ=4πLsinθμ0​I2​.

Using tan⁡θ=sin⁡θcos⁡θ,\tan\theta=\frac{\sin\theta}{\cos\theta},tanθ=cosθsinθ​, we get λgsin⁡θcos⁡θ=μ0I24πLsin⁡θ.\lambda g\frac{\sin\theta}{\cos\theta}=\frac{\mu_0 I^2}{4\pi L\sin\theta}.λgcosθsinθ​=4πLsinθμ0​I2​.

Hence, I2=4πλgLsin⁡2θμ0cos⁡θ.I^2=\frac{4\pi \lambda g L\sin^2\theta}{\mu_0\cos\theta}.I2=μ0​cosθ4πλgLsin2θ​.

Therefore, I=2sin⁡θπλgLμ0cos⁡θ.I=2\sin\theta\sqrt{\frac{\pi \lambda g L}{\mu_0\cos\theta}}.I=2sinθμ0​cosθπλgL​​.

  1. Matching with options

This matches Option D: 2sin⁡θπλgLμ0 cos⁡θ2\sin \theta \sqrt {\frac{\pi \lambda gL}{{\mu _0}\,\cos \theta }}2sinθμ0​cosθπλgL​​

So the correct answer is D.

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