- A
- B
- C
- D
View written solutionFree
Correct answer: D
- Interpret the geometry
The wire is infinitely long, and its cross-section is a semi-circular ring of radius .
This means the conductor consists of many thin long filaments parallel to the axis, distributed uniformly over a semicircular arc of radius .
We need the magnetic field along the axis of the wire, i.e. at the center of this semicircular cross-section.
- Magnetic field due to one thin filament
For an infinitely long straight wire carrying current at distance from the axis point,
The direction is tangential around that filament. At the center of the semicircle, only the components perpendicular to the symmetry axis cancel appropriately, while the components along the diameter-bisector add.
Let the filament be at angular position on the semicircle. Then the contributing component is
where is measured from the symmetry axis of the semicircle.
So,
- Current distribution over the semicircular ring
Since the current is uniformly distributed over the semicircular arc, current per unit length of arc is
A small arc element is
Hence current in this element is
- Integrate over the semicircle
Take the semicircle from to .
Then
Now,
Therefore,
- Match with options
Thus the magnetic induction along the axis is
This matches Option D.
- Comparison with stored answer
Stored correct answer: D
Derived answer: D
So, the derived answer agrees with the stored answer.
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