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Gravitation question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q72
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  5. /2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q72

Gravitation question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 2 · Q72

JEE MainPhysicsGravitationMCQ+4 / −1
A satellite revolving around a planet in stationary orbit has time period 6 hours. The mass of planet is one-fourth the mass of earth. The radius orbit of planet is : (Given === Radius of geo-stationary orbit for earth is 4.2×104 km4.2 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~km}4.2×104 km)
  1. A
    1.68×105 km1.68 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~km}1.68×105 km
  2. B
    1.4×104 km1.4 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~km}1.4×104 km
  3. C
    8.4×104 km8.4 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~km}8.4×104 km
  4. D
    1.05×104 km1.05 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~km}1.05×104 km
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. For a stationary orbit, the satellite’s orbital period equals the planet’s rotation period. The relation between orbital radius rrr, period TTT, and planet mass MMM is

T=2πr3GMT = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM}}T=2πGMr3​​

So,

r3∝MT2r^3 \propto M T^2r3∝MT2

  1. Compare the given planet with Earth’s geostationary orbit.

For Earth:

  • geostationary radius rE=4.2×104 kmr_E = 4.2 \times 10^4\,\text{km}rE​=4.2×104km
  • period TE=24 hT_E = 24\,\text{h}TE​=24h
  • mass MEM_EME​

For the given planet:

  • mass MP=ME4M_P = \dfrac{M_E}{4}MP​=4ME​​
  • stationary orbit period TP=6 hT_P = 6\,\text{h}TP​=6h

Using

rP3rE3=MPTP2METE2\frac{r_P^3}{r_E^3} = \frac{M_P T_P^2}{M_E T_E^2}rE3​rP3​​=ME​TE2​MP​TP2​​

Substitute values:

rP3rE3=(ME4)(6)2ME(24)2\frac{r_P^3}{r_E^3} = \frac{\left(\frac{M_E}{4}\right)(6)^2}{M_E(24)^2}rE3​rP3​​=ME​(24)2(4ME​​)(6)2​

=14⋅36576= \frac{1}{4}\cdot \frac{36}{576}=41​⋅57636​

=14⋅116=164= \frac{1}{4}\cdot \frac{1}{16} = \frac{1}{64}=41​⋅161​=641​

Thus,

rPrE=(164)1/3=14\frac{r_P}{r_E} = \left(\frac{1}{64}\right)^{1/3} = \frac{1}{4}rE​rP​​=(641​)1/3=41​

  1. Therefore,

rP=rE4=4.2×1044r_P = \frac{r_E}{4} = \frac{4.2 \times 10^4}{4}rP​=4rE​​=44.2×104​

rP=1.05×104 kmr_P = 1.05 \times 10^4\,\text{km}rP​=1.05×104km

  1. Check options:
  • A: 1.68×105 km1.68 \times 10^5\,\text{km}1.68×105km ✗
  • B: 1.4×104 km1.4 \times 10^4\,\text{km}1.4×104km ✗
  • C: 8.4×104 km8.4 \times 10^4\,\text{km}8.4×104km ✗
  • D: 1.05×104 km1.05 \times 10^4\,\text{km}1.05×104km ✓

Hence the correct answer is Option D.

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