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Electrostatics question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 2 · Q67
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  5. /2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 2 · Q67

Electrostatics question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 2 · Q67

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
A point charge of +12 μ\muμ C is at a distance 6 cm vertically above the centre of a square of side 12 cm as shown in figure. The magnitude of the electric flux through the square will be ‾×\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\times​× 103 Nm2/C. JEE Main 2021 (Online) 24th February Evening Shift Physics - Electrostatics Question 160 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 226

  1. Use Gauss's law idea via symmetry

A point charge is placed at a distance 6 cm6\,\text{cm}6cm vertically above the center of a square of side 12 cm12\,\text{cm}12cm.

Since the side of the square is 12 cm12\,\text{cm}12cm, the distance of the charge from the square is also 6 cm6\,\text{cm}6cm.

This means the square can be imagined as one face of a cube of side 12 cm12\,\text{cm}12cm, with the charge at the center of the cube.

  1. Total electric flux through the cube

By Gauss's law,

Φtotal=qε0\Phi_{\text{total}} = \frac{q}{\varepsilon_0}Φtotal​=ε0​q​

where

q=12 μC=12×10−6 Cq = 12\,\mu\text{C} = 12 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{C}q=12μC=12×10−6C

and

ε0=8.854×10−12 C2/N m2\varepsilon_0 = 8.854 \times 10^{-12}\,\text{C}^2/\text{N m}^2ε0​=8.854×10−12C2/N m2

So,

Φtotal=12×10−68.854×10−12≈1.355×106 N m2/C\Phi_{\text{total}} = \frac{12 \times 10^{-6}}{8.854 \times 10^{-12}} \approx 1.355 \times 10^6\,\text{N m}^2/\text{C}Φtotal​=8.854×10−1212×10−6​≈1.355×106N m2/C

  1. Flux through one face of the cube

Because the charge is at the center of the cube, the flux is equally distributed among its 6 faces.

Thus,

Φsquare=16⋅qε0\Phi_{\text{square}} = \frac{1}{6}\cdot \frac{q}{\varepsilon_0}Φsquare​=61​⋅ε0​q​

Φsquare=16(1.355×106)\Phi_{\text{square}} = \frac{1}{6}(1.355 \times 10^6)Φsquare​=61​(1.355×106)

Φsquare≈2.258×105 N m2/C\Phi_{\text{square}} \approx 2.258 \times 10^5\,\text{N m}^2/\text{C}Φsquare​≈2.258×105N m2/C

  1. Match with the required format

The question asks for

‾×103 N m2/C\underline{\hspace{1cm}} \times 10^3\,\text{N m}^2/\text{C}​×103N m2/C

So,

2.258×105=225.8×1032.258 \times 10^5 = 225.8 \times 10^32.258×105=225.8×103

Hence the required integer is

226\boxed{226}226​

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 226226226

This matches our derived answer.

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