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Electromagnetic Waves question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q66
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  5. /2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q66

Electromagnetic Waves question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q66

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic WavesMCQ+4 / −1
The magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is By=(3.5×10−7)sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)T\mathrm{B}_{\mathrm{y}}=\left(3.5 \times 10^{-7}\right) \sin \left(1.5 \times 10^3 x+0.5 \times 10^{11} t\right) \mathrm{T}By​=(3.5×10−7)sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)T. The corresponding electric field will be :
  1. A
    Ez=105sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1E_z=105 \sin \left(1.5 \times 10^3 x+0.5 \times 10^{11} t\right) \mathrm{Vm}^{-1}Ez​=105sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1
  2. B
    Ey=10.5sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1E_y=10.5 \sin \left(1.5 \times 10^3 x+0.5 \times 10^{11} t\right) \mathrm{Vm}^{-1}Ey​=10.5sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1
  3. C
    Ey=1.17sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1E_y=1.17 \sin \left(1.5 \times 10^3 x+0.5 \times 10^{11} t\right) \mathrm{Vm}^{-1}Ey​=1.17sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1
  4. D
    Ez=1.17sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1E_z=1.17 \sin \left(1.5 \times 10^3 x+0.5 \times 10^{11} t\right) \mathrm{Vm}^{-1}Ez​=1.17sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)Vm−1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given magnetic field

    By=(3.5×10−7)sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t) TB_y = \left(3.5\times 10^{-7}\right)\sin\left(1.5\times 10^3 x + 0.5\times 10^{11} t\right)\,\text{T}By​=(3.5×10−7)sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)T

    So the magnetic field is along the yyy-direction.

  2. Direction of propagation

    The phase is of the form kx+ωtkx + \omega tkx+ωt A wave written as sin⁡(kx+ωt)\sin(kx+\omega t)sin(kx+ωt) travels in the negative xxx-direction.

  3. Direction of electric field

    For an electromagnetic wave, E⃗⊥B⃗⊥direction of propagation\vec E \perp \vec B \perp \text{direction of propagation}E⊥B⊥direction of propagation

    Also, E⃗×B⃗=direction of propagation\vec E \times \vec B = \text{direction of propagation}E×B=direction of propagation

    Here propagation is along −x^-\hat x−x^, and B⃗∥y^\vec B \parallel \hat yB∥y^​

    We need E⃗\vec EE such that E⃗×y^=−x^\vec E \times \hat y = -\hat xE×y^​=−x^

    Since z^×y^=−x^,\hat z \times \hat y = -\hat x,z^×y^​=−x^, the electric field must be along the zzz-direction.

    Hence, E=EzE = E_zE=Ez​

  4. Magnitude relation between EEE and BBB

    In free space, E0=cB0E_0 = cB_0E0​=cB0​

    Given B0=3.5×10−7 T,c=3×108 m/sB_0 = 3.5\times 10^{-7}\,\text{T}, \qquad c = 3\times 10^8\,\text{m/s}B0​=3.5×10−7T,c=3×108m/s

    Therefore, E0=(3×108)(3.5×10−7)=10.5×101=105 V/mE_0 = (3\times 10^8)(3.5\times 10^{-7}) = 10.5\times 10^1 = 105\,\text{V/m}E0​=(3×108)(3.5×10−7)=10.5×101=105V/m

  5. Write the electric field

    The electric and magnetic fields are in phase, so

    Ez=105sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t) V m−1E_z = 105\sin\left(1.5\times 10^3 x + 0.5\times 10^{11} t\right)\,\text{V m}^{-1}Ez​=105sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)V m−1

  6. Compare with options

    • A: Ez=105sin⁡(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t) V m−1E_z=105\sin\left(1.5\times 10^3 x+0.5\times 10^{11} t\right)\,\text{V m}^{-1}Ez​=105sin(1.5×103x+0.5×1011t)V m−1 ✅
    • B: wrong direction and wrong magnitude
    • C: wrong direction and wrong magnitude
    • D: correct direction but wrong magnitude

Therefore, the correct option is A.

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