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Electromagnetic Waves question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q56
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Electromagnetic Waves question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q56

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic WavesMCQ+4 / −1
50 W/m2 energy density of sunlight is normally incident on the surface of a solar panel. Some part of incident energy (25%) is reflected from the surface and the rest is absorbed. The force exerted on 1m2 surface area will be close to (c = 3 × 108 m/s) :-
  1. A
    20 × 10–8 N
  2. B
    35 × 10–8 N
  3. C
    10 × 10–8 N
  4. D
    15 × 10–8 N
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given data

    • Intensity of sunlight: I=50 W/m2I = 50\ \text{W/m}^2I=50 W/m2
    • Area: A=1 m2A = 1\ \text{m}^2A=1 m2
    • Reflected part: 25%=0.2525\% = 0.2525%=0.25
    • Absorbed part: 75%=0.7575\% = 0.7575%=0.75
    • Speed of light: c=3×108 m/sc = 3 \times 10^8\ \text{m/s}c=3×108 m/s
  2. Radiation pressure idea Force on the surface comes from change in momentum of light.

    • For the absorbed part, pressure is: Pabs=IabscP_{\text{abs}} = \frac{I_{\text{abs}}}{c}Pabs​=cIabs​​
    • For the reflected part, momentum change doubles, so pressure is: Pref=2IrefcP_{\text{ref}} = \frac{2I_{\text{ref}}}{c}Pref​=c2Iref​​
  3. Split the intensity Iref=0.25×50=12.5 W/m2I_{\text{ref}} = 0.25 \times 50 = 12.5\ \text{W/m}^2Iref​=0.25×50=12.5 W/m2 Iabs=0.75×50=37.5 W/m2I_{\text{abs}} = 0.75 \times 50 = 37.5\ \text{W/m}^2Iabs​=0.75×50=37.5 W/m2

  4. Total pressure P=Iabsc+2IrefcP = \frac{I_{\text{abs}}}{c} + \frac{2I_{\text{ref}}}{c}P=cIabs​​+c2Iref​​ P=37.53×108+2(12.5)3×108P = \frac{37.5}{3\times 10^8} + \frac{2(12.5)}{3\times 10^8}P=3×10837.5​+3×1082(12.5)​ P=37.5+253×108P = \frac{37.5 + 25}{3\times 10^8}P=3×10837.5+25​ P=62.53×108P = \frac{62.5}{3\times 10^8}P=3×10862.5​

  5. Force on 1 m21\ \text{m}^21 m2 area Since F=PAF = PAF=PA and A=1A=1A=1, F=P=62.53×108F = P = \frac{62.5}{3\times 10^8}F=P=3×10862.5​ F≈2.08×10−7 NF \approx 2.08 \times 10^{-7}\ \text{N}F≈2.08×10−7 N

  6. Compare with options 2.08×10−7 N=20.8×10−8 N2.08 \times 10^{-7}\ \text{N} = 20.8 \times 10^{-8}\ \text{N}2.08×10−7 N=20.8×10−8 N Closest option is: A: 20×10−8 N20 \times 10^{-8}\ \text{N}20×10−8 N

  7. Final answer A\boxed{A}A​

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