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Electromagnetic Waves question

2017 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q52
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Electromagnetic Waves question

2017 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic WavesMCQ+4 / −1
Magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is given by B→\overrightarrow BB= B0 sin (k x +ω\omegaω t) j^ T\widehat j\,Tj​T Expression for corresponding electric field will be : Where c is speed of light.
  1. A
    E→\overrightarrow EE= B0 c sin (k x +ω\omegaω t) k^\widehat kk V/m
  2. B
    E→\overrightarrow EE=B0c{{{B_0}} \over c}cB0​​ sin (k x +ω\omegaω t) k^\widehat kk V/m
  3. C
    E→\overrightarrow EE=−-− B0 c sin (kx +ω\omegaω t) k^\widehat kk V/m
  4. D
    E→\overrightarrow EE= B0 c sin (kx −ω-\omega−ω t) k^\widehat kk V/m
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given magnetic field

    B⃗=B0sin⁡(kx+ωt) j^\vec B = B_0 \sin(kx+\omega t)\,\hat jB=B0​sin(kx+ωt)j^​

    So, the magnetic field is along the +y+y+y-direction.

  2. Determine the direction of propagation

    A wave of the form

    sin⁡(kx−ωt)\sin(kx-\omega t)sin(kx−ωt)

    travels in the +x+x+x direction, while

    sin⁡(kx+ωt)\sin(kx+\omega t)sin(kx+ωt)

    travels in the −x-x−x direction.

    Hence this electromagnetic wave propagates along:

    −i^-\hat i−i^

  3. Use the direction relation for electromagnetic waves

    In an electromagnetic wave,

    E⃗×B⃗\vec E \times \vec BE×B

    gives the direction of propagation.

    We already have:

    B⃗∥j^\vec B \parallel \hat jB∥j^​

    and propagation is along −i^-\hat i−i^.

    We need E⃗\vec EE such that

    E⃗×j^=−i^\vec E \times \hat j = -\hat iE×j^​=−i^

    Now,

    k^×j^=−i^\hat k \times \hat j = -\hat ik^×j^​=−i^

    Therefore,

    E⃗∥k^\vec E \parallel \hat kE∥k^

  4. Use the magnitude relation

    For an electromagnetic wave in vacuum,

    E=cBE = cBE=cB

    Therefore,

    E0=cB0E_0 = cB_0E0​=cB0​

  5. Match the phase

    Electric and magnetic fields in a plane electromagnetic wave are in phase, so E⃗\vec EE must also contain:

    sin⁡(kx+ωt)\sin(kx+\omega t)sin(kx+ωt)

  6. Write the electric field expression

    Thus,

    E⃗=B0c sin⁡(kx+ωt) k^  V/m\boxed{\vec E = B_0 c\,\sin(kx+\omega t)\,\hat k\;\text{V/m}}E=B0​csin(kx+ωt)k^V/m​

  7. Check options

    • A: B0csin⁡(kx+ωt)k^B_0 c\sin(kx+\omega t)\hat kB0​csin(kx+ωt)k^ ✅ Correct
    • B: amplitude should be cB0cB_0cB0​, not B0/cB_0/cB0​/c ❌
    • C: wrong sign/direction ❌
    • D: wrong phase form; would correspond to propagation in +x+x+x ❌

Therefore, the correct option is:

A\boxed{A}A​

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