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Electromagnetic Induction question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q72
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  5. /2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q72

Electromagnetic Induction question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q72

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic InductionMCQ+4 / −1
A rectangular loop of length 2.5 m2.5 \mathrm{~m}2.5 m and width 2 m2 \mathrm{~m}2 m is placed at 60∘60^{\circ}60∘ to a magnetic field of 4 T4 \mathrm{~T}4 T. The loop is removed from the field in 10 sec10 \mathrm{~sec}10 sec. The average emf induced in the loop during this time is
  1. A
    −2 V-2 \mathrm{~V}−2 V
  2. B
    +2 V+2 \mathrm{~V}+2 V
  3. C
    +1 V+1 \mathrm{~V}+1 V
  4. D
    −1 V-1 \mathrm{~V}−1 V
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B: +2 V

  1. Given data

    • Length of rectangular loop: l=2.5 ml = 2.5\,\text{m}l=2.5m
    • Width of rectangular loop: b=2 mb = 2\,\text{m}b=2m
    • Magnetic field: B=4 TB = 4\,\text{T}B=4T
    • Angle with magnetic field: 60∘60^\circ60∘
    • Time taken to remove loop: Δt=10 s\Delta t = 10\,\text{s}Δt=10s
  2. Area of the loop

    A=l×b=2.5×2=5 m2A = l \times b = 2.5 \times 2 = 5\,\text{m}^2A=l×b=2.5×2=5m2

  3. Magnetic flux initially linked with the loop

    Magnetic flux is

    Φ=BAcos⁡θ\Phi = BA\cos\thetaΦ=BAcosθ

    where θ\thetaθ is the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the plane of the loop.

    The loop is said to be placed at 60∘60^\circ60∘ to the magnetic field, which in such problems is commonly taken as the angle between the plane of the loop and B⃗\vec BB.

    Therefore, angle between B⃗\vec BB and the normal is

    θ=30∘\theta = 30^\circθ=30∘

    So,

    Φi=BAcos⁡30∘=4×5×32=103 Wb\Phi_i = BA\cos 30^\circ = 4 \times 5 \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = 10\sqrt{3}\,\text{Wb}Φi​=BAcos30∘=4×5×23​​=103​Wb

  4. Final flux

    When the loop is completely removed from the magnetic field,

    Φf=0\Phi_f = 0Φf​=0

  5. Average induced emf

    By Faraday's law,

    Eavg=−ΔΦΔt\mathcal{E}_{\text{avg}} = -\frac{\Delta \Phi}{\Delta t}Eavg​=−ΔtΔΦ​

    ΔΦ=Φf−Φi=0−103=−103\Delta \Phi = \Phi_f - \Phi_i = 0 - 10\sqrt{3} = -10\sqrt{3}ΔΦ=Φf​−Φi​=0−103​=−103​

    Hence,

    Eavg=−−10310=3 V≈1.73 V\mathcal{E}_{\text{avg}} = -\frac{-10\sqrt{3}}{10} = \sqrt{3}\,\text{V} \approx 1.73\,\text{V}Eavg​=−10−103​​=3​V≈1.73V

  6. Choosing the nearest option

    The induced emf is approximately

    1.73 V≈2 V1.73\,\text{V} \approx 2\,\text{V}1.73V≈2V

    Since the sign in such MCQs usually depends on chosen orientation, the physically meaningful choice is the magnitude. Thus the nearest option is:

    Option B: +2 V+2\,\text{V}+2V

  7. Check against stored answer

    Stored correct answer is C: +1 V+1\,\text{V}+1V.

    My derived result is approximately +1.73 V+1.73\,\text{V}+1.73V, which matches neither exactly, but is much closer to +2 V+2\,\text{V}+2V than to +1 V+1\,\text{V}+1V.

    So I disagree with the stored answer. The likely intended answer is B.

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