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Electromagnetic Induction question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q150
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Electromagnetic Induction question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q150

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic InductionMCQ+4 / −1
In a uniform magnetic field of induction BBB a wire in the form of a semicircle of radius rrr rotates about the diameter of the circle with an angular frequency ω.\omega .ω. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the field. If the total resistance of the circuit is R,R,R, the mean power generated per period of rotation is
  1. A
    (Bπrω)22R{{{{\left( {B\pi r\omega } \right)}^2}} \over {2R}}2R(Bπrω)2​
  2. B
    (Bπr2ω)28R{{{{\left( {B\pi {r^2}\omega } \right)}^2}} \over {8R}}8R(Bπr2ω)2​
  3. C
    Bπr2ω2R{{B\pi {r^2}\omega } \over {2R}}2RBπr2ω​
  4. D
    (Bπrω2)28R{{{{\left( {B\pi r{\omega ^2}} \right)}^2}} \over {8R}}8R(Bπrω2)2​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Magnetic flux through the rotating semicircle

The wire forms a semicircular loop of radius rrr, so its area is A=12πr2.A=\frac{1}{2}\pi r^2.A=21​πr2.

The loop rotates with angular frequency ω\omegaω about its diameter. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the magnetic field, so the angle between the loop's area vector and the magnetic field changes as θ=ωt.\theta=\omega t.θ=ωt.

Hence the magnetic flux through the loop is Φ=BAcos⁡θ=B(12πr2)cos⁡(ωt).\Phi = BA\cos\theta = B\left(\frac{1}{2}\pi r^2\right)\cos(\omega t).Φ=BAcosθ=B(21​πr2)cos(ωt).

  1. Induced emf

By Faraday's law, e=−dΦdt.e = -\frac{d\Phi}{dt}.e=−dtdΦ​. So, e=−ddt[B(12πr2)cos⁡(ωt)]e = -\frac{d}{dt}\left[B\left(\frac{1}{2}\pi r^2\right)\cos(\omega t)\right]e=−dtd​[B(21​πr2)cos(ωt)] e=B(12πr2)ωsin⁡(ωt).e = B\left(\frac{1}{2}\pi r^2\right)\omega \sin(\omega t).e=B(21​πr2)ωsin(ωt).

Thus the peak emf is e0=12Bπr2ω.e_0 = \frac{1}{2}B\pi r^2\omega.e0​=21​Bπr2ω.

  1. Instantaneous power

The circuit has total resistance RRR, so instantaneous power generated is P=e2R=e02sin⁡2(ωt)R.P = \frac{e^2}{R} = \frac{e_0^2\sin^2(\omega t)}{R}.P=Re2​=Re02​sin2(ωt)​.

  1. Mean power over one full period

Over one complete cycle, ⟨sin⁡2(ωt)⟩=12.\langle \sin^2(\omega t) \rangle = \frac{1}{2}.⟨sin2(ωt)⟩=21​.

Therefore, Pmean=e022R.P_{\text{mean}} = \frac{e_0^2}{2R}.Pmean​=2Re02​​.

Substitute e0e_0e0​: Pmean=12R(12Bπr2ω)2P_{\text{mean}} = \frac{1}{2R}\left(\frac{1}{2}B\pi r^2\omega\right)^2Pmean​=2R1​(21​Bπr2ω)2 Pmean=(Bπr2ω)28R.P_{\text{mean}} = \frac{(B\pi r^2\omega)^2}{8R}. Pmean​=8R(Bπr2ω)2​.

  1. Compare with options

This matches: (Bπr2ω)28R\boxed{\frac{(B\pi r^2\omega)^2}{8R}}8R(Bπr2ω)2​​ which is Option B.

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