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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q64
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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q64

JEE MainPhysicsDual Nature of RadiationMCQ+4 / −1
A small mirror of mass mmm is suspended by a massless thread of length lll. Then the small angle through which the thread will be deflected when a short pulse of laser of energy E falls normal on the mirror (c=\mathrm{c}=c= speed of light in vacuum and g=g=g= acceleration due to gravity)
  1. A
    θ=Emcgl\theta=\frac{E}{m c \sqrt{g l}}θ=mcgl​E​
  2. B
    θ=E2mcgl\theta=\frac{E}{2 m c \sqrt{g l}}θ=2mcgl​E​
  3. C
    θ=3E4mcgl\theta=\frac{3 E}{4 m c \sqrt{g l}}θ=4mcgl​3E​
  4. D
    θ=2Emcgl\theta=\frac{2 E}{m c \sqrt{g l}}θ=mcgl​2E​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Momentum carried by the laser pulse

A pulse of electromagnetic radiation of energy EEE carries momentum

p=Ec.p=\frac{E}{c}.p=cE​.

Since the pulse falls normally on the mirror and gets reflected, the momentum change of the light is reversed.

So, momentum transferred to the mirror is

Δp=2Ec=2Ec.\Delta p = 2\frac{E}{c} = \frac{2E}{c}.Δp=2cE​=c2E​.

Hence the mirror gets an instantaneous speed vvv such that

mv=2Ecmv = \frac{2E}{c}mv=c2E​

or

v=2Emc.v = \frac{2E}{mc}.v=mc2E​.


  1. Conversion of kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy

After receiving the impulse, the mirror starts moving and rises to a maximum angular deflection θ\thetaθ.

At the highest point, all initial kinetic energy converts into gravitational potential energy:

12mv2=mgh,\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mg h,21​mv2=mgh,

where for small angular displacement,

h=l(1−cos⁡θ).h = l(1-\cos\theta).h=l(1−cosθ).

For small θ\thetaθ,

1−cos⁡θ≈θ22,1-\cos\theta \approx \frac{\theta^2}{2},1−cosθ≈2θ2​,

so

h≈lθ22.h \approx \frac{l\theta^2}{2}.h≈2lθ2​.

Thus,

12mv2=mg(lθ22).\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mg\left(\frac{l\theta^2}{2}\right).21​mv2=mg(2lθ2​).

Canceling 12m\frac{1}{2}m21​m from both sides,

v2=glθ2.v^2 = gl\theta^2.v2=glθ2.

Therefore,

θ=vgl.\theta = \frac{v}{\sqrt{gl}}.θ=gl​v​.

Substitute v=2Emcv = \frac{2E}{mc}v=mc2E​:

θ=2Emcgl.\theta = \frac{2E}{mc\sqrt{gl}}.θ=mcgl​2E​.


  1. Matching with options

θ=2Emcgl\boxed{\theta = \frac{2E}{m c \sqrt{g l}}}θ=mcgl​2E​​

This matches Option D.


  1. Verification with stored answer

Stored correct answer: D
Derived answer: D

So they agree.

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