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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55
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  5. /2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55

Dual Nature of Radiation question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q55

JEE MainPhysicsDual Nature of RadiationMCQ+4 / −1
A nucleus A, with a finite de-broglie wavelength λ\lambdaλ A, undergoes spontaneous fission into two nuclei B and C of equal mass. B flies in the same direction as that of A, while C flies in the opposite direction with a velocity equal to half of that of B. The de-Broglie wavelengths λ\lambdaλ B and λ\lambdaλ C of B and C are respectively :
  1. A
    λ\lambdaλ A, 2 λ\lambdaλ A
  2. B
    2 λ\lambdaλ A, λ\lambdaλ A
  3. C
    λ\lambdaλ A, λ\lambdaλ A/2
  4. D
    λ\lambdaλ A/2, λ\lambdaλ A
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Let the mass and initial momentum of nucleus AAA be: M and pAM \text{ and } p_AM and pA​ Since its de-Broglie wavelength is λA\lambda_AλA​, λA=hpA\lambda_A = \frac{h}{p_A}λA​=pA​h​

  2. After fission: The nucleus splits into two equal masses, so each fragment has mass mB=mC=M2m_B = m_C = \frac{M}{2}mB​=mC​=2M​

    Let the velocity of BBB be vvv in the same direction as AAA. Then CCC moves in the opposite direction with velocity equal to half of BBB: vC=−v2v_C = -\frac{v}{2}vC​=−2v​

  3. **Write momenta of BBB and CCC: ** pB=M2vp_B = \frac{M}{2}vpB​=2M​v pC=M2(−v2)=−Mv4p_C = \frac{M}{2}\left(-\frac{v}{2}\right) = -\frac{Mv}{4}pC​=2M​(−2v​)=−4Mv​

  4. Apply conservation of momentum: Taking the direction of AAA as positive, pA=pB+pCp_A = p_B + p_CpA​=pB​+pC​ pA=Mv2−Mv4=Mv4p_A = \frac{Mv}{2} - \frac{Mv}{4} = \frac{Mv}{4}pA​=2Mv​−4Mv​=4Mv​

  5. **Compare pBp_BpB​ and pCp_CpC​ with pAp_ApA​: ** pB=Mv2=2(Mv4)=2pAp_B = \frac{Mv}{2} = 2\left(\frac{Mv}{4}\right) = 2p_ApB​=2Mv​=2(4Mv​)=2pA​ Magnitude of momentum of CCC: ∣pC∣=Mv4=pA|p_C| = \frac{Mv}{4} = p_A∣pC​∣=4Mv​=pA​

  6. Use de-Broglie relation λ=hp\lambda = \dfrac{h}{p}λ=ph​: For BBB, λB=hpB=h2pA=λA2\lambda_B = \frac{h}{p_B} = \frac{h}{2p_A} = \frac{\lambda_A}{2}λB​=pB​h​=2pA​h​=2λA​​

    For CCC, λC=h∣pC∣=hpA=λA\lambda_C = \frac{h}{|p_C|} = \frac{h}{p_A} = \lambda_AλC​=∣pC​∣h​=pA​h​=λA​

  7. Final result: λB=λA2,λC=λA\lambda_B = \frac{\lambda_A}{2}, \qquad \lambda_C = \lambda_AλB​=2λA​​,λC​=λA​

So the correct option is D.

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